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Mold and mildew growth within Navy ships is a significant issue across the fleet. To investigate this issue the Environmental Security Technology Certification Program (ESTCP) and the Strategic EnvironmentalResearch and Development Program (SERDP) funded an investigation into the prevalence of mold in the fleet, with the end goal of developing solutions to remediate and prevent future mold growth. Thusfar, mold and coating data was collected from 26 ships across 6 geographic locations. These mold samples have been analyzed to determine the most common species and highlight those that are toxigenic.
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This case has been selected because we see this industry doesn’t get much attention and there are several cases came to our attention in the recent past. The corrosion protection of caisson was designed using painting only and no CP system was considered. The location is adjacent to the sea and water table is about 5-6 meters.
In oil and gas industries the material surface of pipelines, tools, and equipment is exposed to many harsh operational conditions- one of which is the repetitive impingement of contaminated solid particles when encountering a mixture of gas and sand or liquid solids-laden slurries. In addition to maintenance and material expenses, mass loss of materials due to erosion results in unstable production rates. Hence, predicting the erosion provides the ability to optimize the design and qualify it for operation in an erosive environment for the required operational life.
While performing cathodic protection surveys, carrier pipe and casing potential readings are typically recorded at the same test station location near the end of a casing. Comparing these potentials should reveal a difference between the cathodically protected pipe versus an unprotected and electrically isolated casing. The difference in potentials is one of available tests to determine whether a casing may be electrically shorted to the carrier pipe. The pipe-to-electrolyte and casing-to-electrolyte potential comparison is usually the initial “screening” method.
A remarkable amount of financial loss is incurred every year because of premature failures of paints and coatings. The budget to repair such failures extremely outweighs the initial cost of coatings, since excessive engineering may be looked-for to access the deteriorating areas of a coating system. Additional accountability may also be anticipated if a facility stops operation for the essential repairs to be made.
AC interference analyses are an important part of designing an adequate cathodic protection system on a pipeline when collocations with high voltage powerline(s) occur. Modeling software has been developed to create accurate simulations of what is occurring in the real world to create the best mitigation designs for operators. Many of these studies are proposed due to pipeline replacements that update pipelines from coatings with coal tar to fusion bonded epoxy (FBE).
Evaluating the location-based risk of corrosion is critical to a number of fields of industry. Within naval aviation, knowing the risk of corrosion from environmental factors can be used to ensure that maintenance intervals are properly planned. From a basic research aspect, understanding how different sites behave allows researchers to better correlate how performance at a standard test site can be extrapolated in future research efforts. However, a survey of literature and conversations with many corrosion experts has shown variability in how environmental factors are assessed.
Bulk items such as cast and forged valves are installed under various temperature conditions. It is exposed to a wide range of temperatures, therefore the coating product applied to bulk items should have appropriate heat resistance performance. However, it is very difficult to select a suitable coating system since the temperature condition is not determined in the valve manufacturing stage. For this reason, unsuitable coating systems are often applied, causing coating defects in the field operation. Therefore, it is necessary to apply a coating system that can cover a wide temperature range to prevent this problem.
Atomic hydrogen can enter metallic microstructures from deposition processes like Cr plating or phosphatizing, chemical and electrochemical pickling treatments, during welding operations if the humidity of consumables is too high, by cathodic processes resulting from corrosion phenomena or contact with high pressure gaseous hydrogen. According to different chemical-physical mechanisms, atomic hydrogen can enter the metallic structure resulting in damages of various forms, such as HIC (hydrogen induced cracking), SOHIC (stress oriented HIC), delayed fracture and hydrogen embrittlement (HE).
Traditional Corrosion Growth Rate (CGR) models used in the integrity assessment of corroded pipelines are deterministic. A common Magnetic Flux Leakage (MFL) inline inspection (ILI) tool performance specification on general corrosion anomaly depth is +/- 10% Wall Thickeness (WT) at 80% confidence which corresponds to a standard deviation of 7.81% WT. Probabilistic Corrosion Growth Rate (PCGR) models incorporate these large measurement uncertainties and provide more realistic reliability assessments
Suncor is an integrated oil, gas exploration, and production company that operates over 1000 km (622 miles) of pipeline in Canada and approximately 386 miles (621 km) of pipeline in US. Suncor also operates refineries in Alberta, Ontario, Quebec (Canada) and in Colorado (USA). Additionally, the company owns a network of more than 1,800 Petro-CanadaTM retail and wholesale locations across Canada.
High-temperature service places severe constraints on materials selection due to a combination of factors including the formation of oxide films, spallation and volatilization, and deterioration in mechanical properties. Materials selection is principally informed by laboratory testing under simulated conditions of temperature, thermo-mechanical fatigue, and environment chemistry (such as the presence of steam, exhaust gas chemistry, or salts). Models for predicting the high temperature performance of materials a priori are an active area for development, and are currently focused on elements such as predicting oxide formation, microstructure evolution and reduced order models for creep.