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A comparison among different electrochemical hydrogen charging methods tested on low alloy steels

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Atomic hydrogen can enter metallic microstructures from deposition processes like Cr plating or phosphatizing, chemical and electrochemical pickling treatments, during welding operations if the humidity of consumables is too high, by cathodic processes resulting from corrosion phenomena or contact with high pressure gaseous hydrogen. According to different chemical-physical mechanisms, atomic hydrogen can enter the metallic structure resulting in damages of various forms, such as HIC (hydrogen induced cracking), SOHIC (stress oriented HIC), delayed fracture and hydrogen embrittlement (HE).

Product Number: 51323-18866-SG
Author: Luca Paterlini, Luca Casanova, Giorgio Re, Marco Ormellese, Fabio Bolzoni
Publication Date: 2023
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The current energy demand and the need to contain carbon dioxide emissions require the adoption of new energy vectors. Based on that, a progressively increasing percentage of gaseous hydrogen will be filled inside natural gas transportation pipeline systems, thus requiring a rigorous material compatibility assessment. It is well known how carbon and low alloy steels, may suffer hydrogen damage and hydrogen embrittlement, resulting in the reduction of toughness and ductility. The present study has been carried out in order to compare three different electrochemical methods to charge H into low-alloy steels (ASTM A 182 F22 and AISI 4140) samples presenting typical dimensions used for fracture mechanics tests. The study of the effect of different H recombination poisoners indicated As2O3 as the preferable choice in terms of H content and reproducibility.

The current energy demand and the need to contain carbon dioxide emissions require the adoption of new energy vectors. Based on that, a progressively increasing percentage of gaseous hydrogen will be filled inside natural gas transportation pipeline systems, thus requiring a rigorous material compatibility assessment. It is well known how carbon and low alloy steels, may suffer hydrogen damage and hydrogen embrittlement, resulting in the reduction of toughness and ductility. The present study has been carried out in order to compare three different electrochemical methods to charge H into low-alloy steels (ASTM A 182 F22 and AISI 4140) samples presenting typical dimensions used for fracture mechanics tests. The study of the effect of different H recombination poisoners indicated As2O3 as the preferable choice in terms of H content and reproducibility.

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