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High Strength Austenite For Additive Manufacturing

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Typical austenitic stainless steels like 316L (S31603) contain chromium, nickel, and, optionally, molybdenum as major alloying elements. These are required to provide their beneficial properties, which include e.g. very high corrosion resistance and high ductility and toughness, yet showing comparably low strength and hardness. General corrosion resistance is primarily achieved by the element chromium, which causes formation of a thin but dense chromium oxide layer on the surface, when the amount of chromium dissolved in the metallic matrix is larger than approximately 10.5 wt%.

Product Number: 51322-17496-SG
Author: Dr. Andreas Mohr, Dr. Horst Hill, Dipl.-Ing. Karlheinz P.J. Hoeren, M.sc. Janosch Conrads
Publication Date: 2022
Industries: Corrosion Monitoring and Control , Coatings and Linings , Coatings
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Stainless austenitic steels are widely applied in the field of classic mechanical engineering. An important representative of these grades is the material 316L (S31603), which is well established as a standard steel in Additive Manufacturing (AM). Typical austenitic stainless steels contain some main alloying elements, which are described in the following: The formation of an austenitic microstructure is achieved by nickel (Ni). The addition of chromium (Cr) lead to the corrosion resistance of these materials. For resistance to localized corrosion, molybdenum (Mo) can be added. However, this requires full dissolution of Cr and Mo in the steel matrix. As a consequence, stainless austenites usually exhibit very low carbon and nitrogen contents to prevent chromium carbides and nitrides. But, both alloying elements cannot be classified as being detrimental in stainless austenites in general. In contrast, C and N can also be used to improve mechanical and corrosion resistance.

Stainless austenitic steels are widely applied in the field of classic mechanical engineering. An important representative of these grades is the material 316L (S31603), which is well established as a standard steel in Additive Manufacturing (AM). Typical austenitic stainless steels contain some main alloying elements, which are described in the following: The formation of an austenitic microstructure is achieved by nickel (Ni). The addition of chromium (Cr) lead to the corrosion resistance of these materials. For resistance to localized corrosion, molybdenum (Mo) can be added. However, this requires full dissolution of Cr and Mo in the steel matrix. As a consequence, stainless austenites usually exhibit very low carbon and nitrogen contents to prevent chromium carbides and nitrides. But, both alloying elements cannot be classified as being detrimental in stainless austenites in general. In contrast, C and N can also be used to improve mechanical and corrosion resistance.

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