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Products tagged with 'stainless steel'

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Picture for Materials Selection For Seawater Injection Service – Crevice Corrosion Testing Of Stainless Steels Under Controlled Dissolved Oxygen
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Materials Selection For Seawater Injection Service – Crevice Corrosion Testing Of Stainless Steels Under Controlled Dissolved Oxygen

Product Number: 51321-16527-SG
Author: K. J. Evans/ S. Chawla/ W. Huang
Publication Date: 2021
$20.00
Picture for Mercury Liquid Metal Embrittlement Testing of Oil and Gas Production Alloys
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Mercury Liquid Metal Embrittlement Testing of Oil and Gas Production Alloys

Product Number: 51314-3993-SG
ISBN: 3993 2014 CP
Author: Stefanie Asher
Publication Date: 2014
$20.00

 Liquid metal embrittlement (LME) involves penetration of a liquid metal into a solid metal that leads to brittle fracture. A test program was established to evaluate the susceptibility of various metallic materials to LME by mercury.
Picture for Methods for Construction of Pitting Engineering Diagrams of Stainless Steels Used for Water Systems
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Methods for Construction of Pitting Engineering Diagrams of Stainless Steels Used for Water Systems

Product Number: 51323-19246-SG
Author: Sukanya Hägg Mameng, Lena Wegrelius, Björn Helmersson
Publication Date: 2023
$20.00

Stainless steel is one of the most resistant materials to chloride environments and is an important material for water applications. Selecting a suitable stainless steel grade for water applications requires information about the performance of the candidate stainless steel grades. The limiting conditions for the pitting resistance of stainless steel depend mainly on the alloying composition of the steel and the surrounding environment.
Picture for Microstructure and corrosion properties of stainless steel synthesized by ball milling method at different times
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Microstructure and corrosion properties of stainless steel synthesized by ball milling method at different times

Product Number: 51323-19442-SG
Author: A. C. Ferrel- Alvarez, B. Martinez, M.L. Cedeño-Vente, D.Narayanan, R. Case, B. Mansoor, H. Castaneda
Publication Date: 2023
$20.00

Stainless steel 316L (316SS) has been widely applied in relevant commercial fields (e.g. chemical, petrochemical, pharmaceutical, biomedical, and manufacturing industries) due to its excellent properties in corrosion and abrasion resistance, antioxidation, and service life. It is considered an austenitic material, non-magnetic, and thermally nonhardenable. The 316SS can be produced via powder by different methods such as: self-combustion, high-temperature synthesis (SHS), electron beam radiation, laser surface melting, plasma spray synthesis, mechanical alloying and casting methods among others.
Picture for Microstructure And Mechanical Properties Of Additively Manufactured 316L Stainless Steel.
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Microstructure And Mechanical Properties Of Additively Manufactured 316L Stainless Steel.

Product Number: ED22-18491-SG
Author: Karyn Cooper, Stuart Medway, Jennifer Borg
Publication Date: 2022
$20.00

Additive manufacturing is a term that encompasses a number of technologies that manufacture structures by building material up, layer by layer, and which are attractive due to a number of factors, such as the ability to rapidly produce complex components with controlled microstructures in a single step with reduced post processing requirements. Laser-powder bed fusion (L-PBF) is an additive manufacturing technique where a laser continuously melts successive layers of powder material, building up from a horizontal build plate.
Picture for Modeling Stress Corrosion Cracking With Explicit 3D Grain Microstructure
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Modeling Stress Corrosion Cracking With Explicit 3D Grain Microstructure

Product Number: ED22-17160-SG
Author: Benjamin S Anglin, Thomas W Web
Publication Date: 2022
$20.00

Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of Type 304 stainless steel (304 SS) in elevated temperature (288 °C) high purity water is typically an intergranular (IG) process with cracks propagating along grain boundaries, which are mesoscopic entities relevant on the grain scale. It follows then that the nature of the grain boundaries plays a significant role in SCC. In fact, for IG SCC to occur three things must be present: 1) stress; 2) a corrosive environment; and 3) susceptible grain boundaries. SCC growth rate (SCCGR) equations for 304SS in high temperature, high purity water, test orientation, temperature, material composition, and sensitization.
Picture for NACE SP0292-2024
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NACE SP0292-2024, Installation of Thin Metallic Wallpaper Lining in Air Pollution Control and Other Process Equipment

Product Number: NACE SP0292-2024
$109.00

This standard practice provides technical and quality assurance guidelines for handling and installing nickel alloy, stainless steel, and titanium linings in air pollution control equipment (e.g., FGD systems, ducts, and stacks). The concepts and guidance included in this standard may also be useful in other process industries, but may require modification to meet the requirements of a particular process. This standard is intended to be a basis for preparation of a specification to be agreed on by contracting parties for the installation of wallpaper lining in air pollution control and other process equipment. It is the responsibility of users of this standard to determine the suitability of specific procedures, metals, and alloys for particular applications.
Picture for NACE SP0403-2023
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NACE SP0403-2023, Avoiding Caustic Stress Corrosion Cracking of Refinery Equipment and Piping

Product Number: NACE SP0403-2023
Publication Date: 2023
$109.00

This standard practice is intended to provide guidance to those designing, fabricating, and/or maintaining refinery equipment and piping that are exposed to caustic environments.

Caustic is used in many petroleum refinery applications in a wide range of concentrations and temperatures.  Caustic stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of carbon steel (CS) equipment has been reported in industry since the 1930s, e.g., in riveted steam boilers.  NACE has published guidance for handling sodium hydroxide (NaOH) in the form of a “Caustic Service Chart” since at least the mid-1960s.
Picture for Non-Arrhenius Stress Corrosion Crack Growth Behavior Of 304 Stainless Steel In Deaerated Water
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Non-Arrhenius Stress Corrosion Crack Growth Behavior Of 304 Stainless Steel In Deaerated Water

Product Number: ED22-17245-SG
Author: Tyler Moss, Justin Hesterberg, Dave Morton, Denise Paraventi
Publication Date: 2022
$20.00

The Naval Nuclear Laboratory (NNL) has performed evaluations of SCC in 304/304L stainless steel since 2005 with the goal of developing an empirical equation. Testing has focused on the effects of temperature, stress intensity factor, material cold work, orientation, and sulfur content on SCC in hydrogenated water. Non-Arrhenius growth, termed herein as high temperature retardation (HTR), was observed in several studies where the SCC growth rate was found to slow at elevated temperature at low cold work levels in 316 and 304/304L stainless steel.
Picture for On The Performance Of UNS S32100 vs N08825 Expansion Compensator Materials In Geothermal Applications
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On The Performance Of UNS S32100 vs N08825 Expansion Compensator Materials In Geothermal Applications

Product Number: 51322-17790-SG
Author: Keith Lichti, Soroor Ghaziof
Publication Date: 2022
$20.00

Geothermal fluid pipelines experience temperature changes on startup and shutdown that can be of the order 300 °C. Carbon steel pipeline design can include expansion loops and direction changes to allow for thermal expansion and contraction for the long lengths of pipeline commonly used from geothermal production wells to the geothermal power station and from the station to reinjection wells. In some instances, expansion compensators are used where there is insufficient area for such loops or where the pipe diameter is prohibitively large.
Picture for On the Pitting Corrosion Resistance of Metallic Materials Used in Drilling and Reservoir Characterization Applications
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On the Pitting Corrosion Resistance of Metallic Materials Used in Drilling and Reservoir Characterization Applications

Product Number: 51324-20872-SG
Author: Helmuth Sarmiento Klapper; Julia Ditmann; Sebastian Jesse
Publication Date: 2024
$40.00
Because of their versatility CrMn-stainless steels have become the most used structural materials in directional and while-drilling reservoir characterization tools. Nevertheless, pitting and environmentally assisted cracking (EAC) are a major concern when these materials are subjected to high halide-containing water-based drilling fluids at elevated temperatures. Consequently, pitting corrosion resistance becomes a crucial property to guarantee operational reliability and integrity of drilling equipment. Indeed, nickel-stabilized austenitic stainless steels and super austenitic stainless steels with higher contents of chromium and molybdenum have been recently developed as alternatives in drilling operations involving harsh environments. In this study, the pitting and repassivation behavior of several grades used in drilling technology was investigated using electrochemical methods. The tests were conducted in brines with different pH-values at temperatures ranging from ambient temperature to 150 °C. Experimental results are compared to PREN-Mod and CPT-values as well as to results from ASTM G48 Method A. The experimental data provided in this paper demonstrates the lack of correlation between the real pitting resistance of most grades commonly used in drilling equipment in brines at elevated temperatures and the commonly used PREN-Mod values. In addition, the limited applicability of results from standardized test methodologies for predicting pitting susceptibility in service is confirmed. The discussed electrochemical results provide on the other hand a more suitable basis for defining criteria regarding materials selection in drilling technology.
Picture for Oxidation Resistant Behaviors of Commercial High Temperature Alloys in the Atmospheres Containing Water Vapor
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Oxidation Resistant Behaviors of Commercial High Temperature Alloys in the Atmospheres Containing Water Vapor

Product Number: 51324-20729-SG
Author: Bingtao Li; Vinay Deodeshmukh; Lee M. Pike
Publication Date: 2024
$40.00
Water vapor has significant effects on high temperature oxidation behaviors of high temperature alloys, especially on chromia-forming alloys due to oxidative evaporation of chromia scale. The objectives of this work are to study high temperature oxidation behaviors of commercial high temperature alloys, including seven chromia-formers, such as N06230, R30188, N08120, N06002, N06625, N06617, S34700, and three alumina-formers, such as N07214, NiCoCrMoAl, NiFeCrAl, at the temperatures from 760 to 1093°C (1400 to 2000°F) for up to one year exposure in the air atmospheres containing (5-30)% water vapor. The effects of water vapor content, temperature, heating/cooling condition, and alloy composition were analyzed from the results of metal loss and internal oxidation penetration, along with comparison with their oxidation behaviors tested in air without water vapor addition. The study shows, in general, water vapor could accelerate oxidation attack, and higher water vapor contents could cause more oxidation attack. However, high temperature oxidation behaviors of high temperature alloys will depend on multiple factors that need to be considered, especially when comparing oxidation results generated under different testing conditions.
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