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Modeling Stress Corrosion Cracking With Explicit 3D Grain Microstructure

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Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of Type 304 stainless steel (304 SS) in elevated temperature (288 °C) high purity water is typically an intergranular (IG) process with cracks propagating along grain boundaries, which are mesoscopic entities relevant on the grain scale. It follows then that the nature of the grain boundaries plays a significant role in SCC. In fact, for IG SCC to occur three things must be present: 1) stress; 2) a corrosive environment; and 3) susceptible grain boundaries. SCC growth rate (SCCGR) equations for 304SS in high temperature, high purity water, test orientation, temperature, material composition, and sensitization.

Product Number: ED22-17160-SG
Author: Benjamin S Anglin, Thomas W Web
Publication Date: 2022
$20.00
$20.00
$20.00

Models of stress corrosion cracking are conventionally statistical fits to empirical stress corrosion cracking growth rate databases or a one dimensional physically based model accounting for far field loading conditions and macroscopic material properties, yet it is reasonable to think local conditions dictate intergranular cracking behavior. For example, coincident site lattice twin boundaries in face centered cubic metals are resistant to intergranular stress corrosion cracking. Moreover, it is known that cold work promotes stress corrosion cracking, yet the deformation is not distributed equally throughout the microstructure. This work explores the relationship between deformation near grain boundaries resulting from far field imposed cold work and subsequent modeling of stress corrosion cracking with an explicit three-dimensional grain microstructure through elementary crystal plasticity constitutive and stress corrosion cracking models. A spectral based crystal plasticity simulation technique is the key enabler for such large-scale explicit microstructure sensitive modeling of stress corrosion cracking. Realistic three-dimensional intergranular stress corrosion crack morphologies will be presented as a result of this technique.

Models of stress corrosion cracking are conventionally statistical fits to empirical stress corrosion cracking growth rate databases or a one dimensional physically based model accounting for far field loading conditions and macroscopic material properties, yet it is reasonable to think local conditions dictate intergranular cracking behavior. For example, coincident site lattice twin boundaries in face centered cubic metals are resistant to intergranular stress corrosion cracking. Moreover, it is known that cold work promotes stress corrosion cracking, yet the deformation is not distributed equally throughout the microstructure. This work explores the relationship between deformation near grain boundaries resulting from far field imposed cold work and subsequent modeling of stress corrosion cracking with an explicit three-dimensional grain microstructure through elementary crystal plasticity constitutive and stress corrosion cracking models. A spectral based crystal plasticity simulation technique is the key enabler for such large-scale explicit microstructure sensitive modeling of stress corrosion cracking. Realistic three-dimensional intergranular stress corrosion crack morphologies will be presented as a result of this technique.

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While the feasibility of additive manufacturing to create engineering components for the oil and gas industry has been demonstrated current research efforts focus on demonstrating the reliability of this manufacturing process for demanding service conditions. In this regard special attention has been paid to the chemical stability of additively manufactured materials in aggressive environments as one of the most critical properties in these applications. The beneficial combination of high strength excellent thermal stability and purpose-built corrosion resistance makes alloy 718 (UNS N07718) the most commonly used wrought and additively manufactured nickel alloy in the oil and gas industry. Wrought UNS N07718 has an outstanding record of field performance in demanding oil and gas applications including directional drilling tools that undergo extreme mechanical loads in corrosive drilling fluids. On the other hand limited data regarding the corrosion behavior of additively manufactured UNS N07718 in typical drilling environments has been collected so far. In this study the corrosion resistance susceptibility of selective laser melted UNS N07718 in simulated drilling environments has been investigated. Cyclic potentiodynamic polarization and slow strain rate tests were used to characterize the pitting and stress corrosion cracking resistance of the additively manufactured alloy UNS N07718 in high chloride-containing solutions at elevated temperatures.
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Author: C. Prieto / D. Young / M. Singer / M. Clum / T. J. Cyders
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Evaluation of the pitting corrosion resistance of 316L stainless steel manufactured using direct metal laser sintering (DMLS). Rolled 316L stainless steel specimens with similar chemical composition were used as a reference.

 
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