AMPP Store - Products tagged with 'stainless steel'

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Corrosion Resistance Evaluation Of Super Duplex Stainless Steel In Supercritical CO2 Saturated Liquid Phase Containing Impurities O2 Or SO2

Product Number: 51322-17602-SG

Author: Daisuke Matsuo, Masayuki Sagara, Yuji Arai, Hisashi Amaya, Kyohei Kanki

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) is one of the key technologies to achieve the net-zero emission. One of the CCUS method is CO₂ injection to depleted oil and gas wells or aquifers and storage (CCS). The CO₂ emitted from fossil fuel-based powers and industrial plants are captured and transported to the injection point by ships or pipe line. Following that, the dense phase or supercritical phase CO₂ will be injected to depleted oil and gas wells or aquifers through oil country tubular goods, for examples, seamless pipe.

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Corrosion Resistance of Duplex Stainless Steels for CCS Application under the Liquid Phase in Equilibrium with Supercritical CO2 Containing Slight Amount of O2

Product Number: 51324-20598-SG

Author: Kyohei Kanki; Daisuke Matsuo; Yuji Arai; Hisashi Amaya

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

In carbon dioxide capture and storage, CO2 emitted from various industries containing impurities is captured and injected underground in dense or supercritical phase through tubings. In order to evaluate corrosion resistances of materials in the supercritical CO2 with a slight amount of O2, corrosion tests were performed under the conditions of 5 mass% NaCl equilibrium with CO2, containing with the various amount of O2 at total pressure of 130 bar and 100 °C. Super Martensitic Stainless Steel (UNS S41426), Duplex Stainless Steel (UNS S82551), and Super Duplex Stainless Steel (UNS S39274) were evaluated. Localized corrosion was observed in S41426 at conditions higher than 200ppm O2 (0.026 bar O2 partial pressure) condition. On the other hand, S82551 and S39274 showed good corrosion resistance in the same condition. As for S82551, it suffered from localized corrosion at 1000ppm O2 (0.13 bar O2) condition. However, in the actual O2 concentrations, it is considered that S82551 and S39274 are suitable materials even if formation water flow back has occurred.

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Corrosion Resistance Of Stainless Steels And Nickel Alloys In Natural Seawater

Product Number: 51321-16515-SG

Author: Sandra Le Manchet/ Martin Monnot/ Emilie Robin

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Crevice Corrosion of Stainless Steel in Tropical Seas

Product Number: 51317--9327-SG

ISBN: 9327 2017 CP

Author: Dominique Thierry

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

Differences between temperate and tropical sites in terms of electrochemical behavior (e.g. open-circuit potential and cathodic current for oxygen reduction). One difference is critical temperature for biofilm ennoblement. Results are discussed in terms of risk for crevice corrosion for stainless steels in tropical seas.

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Deadleg Stress Corrosion Cracking Risks in SS Piping Systems in Refining and Renewable Units

Product Number: 51324-20816-SG

Author: Cathleen Shargay; Garry Jacobs; Shahab Soltaninia

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Although the problem of chloride stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of austenitic stainless steel drain lines in hydroprocessing units has been well known for many years, new questions on these deadlegs are arising with the renewable units handling biofuel feeds. Some potential issues are in the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) units and certain pretreatment units, wherever these units have high pressure SS piping. Many of the hydroprocessing unit case histories of leaks and cracks occurred shortly after startups from turnarounds and were attributed to water not being drained before startup. In contrast, some of the renewable units may have a risk of water condensing in deadlegs even during normal operation. The hydroprocessing unit case histories have been compiled to help to define the conditions, such as main line operating temperature and pressure which contribute to SCC in the deadlegs. The process chemistry, especially water content, oxygen and pH differences between the refining and renewable units are reviewed, and material recommendations are given for drain lines and other deadlegs in each type of unit.

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Destructive Examination Protocol for 3013-Container-Package Storing Plutonium-Bearing Materials

Product Number: 51324-20811-SG

Author: Roderick E. Fuentes; Michael J. Martínez-Rodríguez; Elizabeth J. Kelly

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

The 3013-container-package consists of a convenience, inner and outer container and is used for long-term storage of plutonium-bearing materials. A destructive examination (DE) protocol has been developed to examine the container package visually and with microscopic aid to find any corrosion conditions that could result in the loss of the integrity of the container package over its lifetime. The DE protocol contains three main steps: initial container examination, helium (He) leak testing, and detailed imaging and analysis of the inner container closure weld region (ICCWR). The ICCWR has been determined to be bounding, defined as exhibiting worst case conditions for stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of the inner container. To assess SCC in the ICCWR, the inner container lid is cut into quarters and the weld and He-leak testing gasket are removed. Then a citric acid wash is performed to remove adherent chlorides from the ICCWR. The wash is then sent for analysis to determine the concentration of chlorides in the ICCWR. While the analysis for chloride concentration is being performed, the quarter sections are further sectioned into 1/8th subsections by cutting each section in half. These subsections are washed using nitric acid to remove corrosion products. Then each subsection is imaged using a Wide Angle 3-D Measurement System (WAMS). After analysis of microscope images for potential SCC, additional imaging can be performed, including subsurface imaging. After review, a determination is made of whether the container integrity may potentially affect the safe storage of the material.

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Effect of Backing Gas Composition on Corrosion Behavior of Conventional Duplex Stainless Steel Weldments

Product Number: 51321-16598-SG

Author: Ricardo Hernández Soto/ Abdullah M. Al-Rumaih

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

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Effect Of Dissolved Oxygen On The SCC Susceptibility And Oxidation Of Cold-Worked 316L SS In PWR Primary Water

Product Number: ED22-17254-SG

Author: Thalita De Paula, Cécilie Duhamel, Catherine Guerre, Jérôme Crépin, Ian De Curières, Frédéric Datcharry, Marc Maisonneuve

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Austenitic stainless steels (SS), such as 304L and 316L alloys, are largely used for structural components in nuclear power plants due to their good corrosion resistance, especially under high temperatures and aqueous environments. However, operational experience on the primary circuit of pressurized water reactors (PWRs) has shown an increasing number of cases of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) on austenitic stainless steels components after long-term exposure.

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Effect of Operating Parameters on the Corrosion of Candidate Heat Exchanger Alloys in Advanced Thermal Power Plants

Product Number: 51324-21229-SG

Author: Minkang Liu; Yimin Zeng

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

This study investigates the corrosion behavior of candidate steels with different Cr content in high-temperature s-CO2 environments and the influence of operating pressure. The results underscore the significant role of chromium, with content above 16 wt.% in the base metal proving effective in terms of conferring corrosion resistance. Moreover, the study reveals the substantial impact of operating pressure on weight gain, resulting in much thicker oxide layers. Further microscopic examinations may be required to gain deeper insights into oxide layer structure and composition. These findings advance our understanding of corrosion modes and extent within s-CO2 Brayton cycles.

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Efficiency of Cathodic Protection of Stainless Steel in Confined Area - Further Understanding of the Protection Mechanism through Experimental Testing and Modeling

Product Number: 51324-20639-SG

Author: Charles Leballeur; Jean Vittonato; Nicolas Larché; Hervé Marchebois

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Cathodic protection (CP) of carbon steel has been extensively studied for structures exposed to the open sea. However, the knowledge and data available for carbon steel cannot be directly applied to stainless steels, especially in the case of confined surfaces that are prone to crevice corrosion. In the context of stainless steels, confined surfaces (such as the contact surfaces of fasteners or valves) are critical zones as crevice corrosion represents the primary failure mode for passive alloys in seawater. With CP, the local potential achieved in confinement areas is highly dependent on various factors, including the actual geometries (crevice gap, length, local pH and Dissolved Oxygen (DO), ohmic drops, etc.). These factors can raise questions about the actual efficiency of CP if the current cannot reach the confined area. Conversely, if sufficient current can reach the confined area, the risk of hydrogen embrittlement (especially for strain-hardened or precipitation hardened alloys) should be taken into consideration. A specific experimental setup has been constructed to characterize the electrochemical behavior of stainless steel in a confined environment and the physicochemical properties of the confined seawater. The results have shown a complete deaeration of the confined seawater under all test conditions, along with an increase of the pH when CP is applied. The tests have also highlighted the significant impact of slight crevice gap variation on the current distribution. Based on the experimental findings, polarization curves representing confined environments have been generated. These curves have been integrated into a finite element model, allowing for the extrapolation of the experimental results to different crevice geometries. After a few centimeters, little to no current should be able to reach the confined surfaces if the crevice gap is inferior to 10µm. However, the risk of corrosion of stainless steels remains limited due to the local CP-induced chemistry at the interface. The CP also mitigates the ohmic drop in the confined area which also tend to reduce the risk of crevice corrosion.

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Electrochemical Assessment Of The Influence Of Temperature On The Pitting Corrosion Reistance Of Metallic Materials In Brines

Product Number: 51322-17738-SG

Author: Helmuth Sarmiento Klapper, Sebastian Jesse

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Several industrial applications including the chemical industry and oilfield technology involve frequently halide-containing streams at elevated temperatures, that challenge the pitting corrosion resistance of metallic materials. Pitting susceptibility becomes not only a reject criterion for materials selection during the design stages of engineering components used in these applications. It also constitutes a significant limiting factor to the service life of these components once in service. Therefore, the characterization of the pitting corrosion resistance of metallic materials including the influence that operational factors can have on material’s susceptibility is crucial.

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Evaluating the Effect of Surface Finishing on Microbial Induced Corrosion of Pipeline Steels

Product Number: MECC23-20073-SG

Author: Eman Adel Almutawa; Ihsan UlHaq Toor; Wasif Farooq

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Microbial influenced corrosion is a type of corrosion caused by microorganisms attached to the metal surface or by their activity. The first one who noted the MIC was Gaines in 1910 [1], followed by research about the graphitization of cast irons in anaerobic soils in 1934 [2]. Nowadays, attention to MIC problems increased significantly.

Products tagged with 'stainless steel'

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