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The corrosion behaviour of X65 steel in a mixed 1% H2S (in CO2) brine after exposure to a pure CO2-saturated brine at 40°C. The objective was to identify the scales formed and understand their effect on the corrosion performance of X65 steel upon transition from pure sweet to sour conditions.
This paper reports the corrosion behaviour of X65 steel in a mixed 1% H2S (in CO2) brine after exposure to a pure CO2-saturated brine at 40°C. The objective of the study was to identify the scales formed and understand their effect on the corrosion performance of X65 steel upon transition from pure sweet to sour conditions. Electrochemical testing indicated reduced general corrosion rate during the exposure to pure CO2 environment, which is mainly attributed to the formation of protective but porous siderite scale. After the introduction of mixed CO2/H2S gas, the corrosion rate decreased further for a short period due to precipitated mackinawite above the existing siderite. As H2S and brine were diffusing through the pore network in siderite, the corrosion rate exhibited an increasing trend due to the accelerating effect of the formed mackinawite within the intermediate layers and on the steel surface. Owing to the possible development of internal stresses in the newly formed scale, the existing siderite layers were ruptured, leading to the precipitation of more mackinawite and promoting further the dissolution of ferrite into the solution. The estimated corrosion rates indicated that the uniform attack is more widespread than the local attack.
Key words: X65 steel, 1% H2S/CO2 mixture, protective iron carbonate, mackinawite, uniform corrosion
Thermally sprayed CRA coatings can provide a cost-effective corrosion mitigation method for infrastructure in wet supercritical CO2 at 40°C and 80°C. The scales formed on the steel protected it from further corrosion in 10 MPa and 50 MPa CO2.
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Mild steel specimens (API 5L X65) were pretreated to form a pyrrhotite layer on the surface using high temperature sulfidation in oil, then exposed to a range of aqueous CO2 and H2S corrosion environments, leading to initiation of localized corrosion.
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