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There have been several studies and publications over the past decade that clearly illustrate how initial assumptions about monopile interiors being perfectly sealed compartments were not correct in practice. Oxygen ingress through various points in the monopile contributes to persistent internal corrosion, and planned inspections are also opportunities to introduce fresh oxygen into the monopile. The replenishment of oxygen has been found to continue the corrosion reaction between the monopile wall and entrapped water.
Cathodic protection is one of the primary methods considered by designers and operators to protect internal surfaces within the immersed portion of offshore monopile foundations. There is an industry need to better understand the use of cathodic protection inside offshore monopile foundations.A laboratory study was conducted to explore several aspects related to internal corrosion and cathodic protection of offshore monopile steel structures. Electrochemical and immersion corrosion tests were performed on structural steel in ASTM D1141 simulated seawater and a variety of temperature, aeration, and pH conditions in order to establish fundamental trends. The effect of these parameters on free corrosion rates, cathodic protection, acidification, and hydrogen gas generation were measured. The impacts of slight chromium additions and different sacrificial anode compositions were also explored.
A solution to significantly reduce the internal corrosion of internal areas of offshore monopiles using a highly sophisticated ICCP system. Other technical, electrochemical and installation challenges in of such an ICCP system in confined spaces.
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A test protocol was developed to provide an assessment of the effects of various film defects as well as to perform post-exposure qualitative and quantitative evaluations on eight different coatings systems.
This paper will cover the background of increasing regulations and audits, the reasons why many coatings and fireproofing systems prematurely fail, and also the solutions that may help address these issues that many operators face today.