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A joint industry project "Corrosion protection and maintenance of bolting and fasteners" was initiated in 2001. The main part of the project is a 10 year testing program of pretensioned stud bolts in the marine atmospheric zone, splash zone and submerged zone in Norway and in the US.
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This paper traces the development of the superaustenitic grade 254 SMO (UNS S31254) as a solution to recurrent corrosion problems within the pulp and paper industry.
Multi-layer polypropylene (MLPP) insulation coating is used for thermal insulation of subsea pipelines. However in recent years - with higher wellhead operating temperatures - high temperature (HT) Fusion Bonded Epoxies have been used. This paper describes the author's experience with the MLPP systems over the last 20 years.
A test protocol was developed to provide an assessment of the effects of various film defects as well as to perform post-exposure qualitative and quantitative evaluations on eight different coatings systems.
Subsea flowlines and risers experience fatigue cycles due to thermal and/or pressure transients or vortex induced vibration (VIV). Tests were performed under constant stress intensity factor (K) levels, in a mildly sour environment and in seawater under cathodic protection to understand the difference in the CRG.
This paper will focus on how to address the major CP concerns from the system point of view during the design phase of offshore projects. It will also recommend solutions for potential issues that may arise during the installation and operation phases of projects.
This AMPP standard provides a series of effective and economical test methods to evaluate the performance of candidate offshore platform new construction and maintenance coatings. The testing protocol is established to simulate the offshore environment and based on the major failure modes observed on offshore platforms. The test results will rank the candidate coating systems for end-users to select and coating manufacturers to develop reliable coating systems.
The nature and rate of corrosion of a metal depend upon –among other factors- the corrosivity of the environment to which it is exposed. The corrosivity category is a technical characteristic that provides a basis for the selection of materials and protective measures in different environments subject to the demands of the specific application, particularly concerning service life. Data on the corrosivity of the atmosphere is essential for the development and specification of optimized corrosion protection for manufactured products.
Steel sheet piles are widely used in permanent earth retaining and structural foundation works. In the majority of circumstances, they can be used in an unprotected condition, such conditions are when the steel piles does not required any coating or cathodic protection system to be protected and depends solely on the corrosion allowance calculations The degree of corrosion and whether protection is required depends upon the working environment - which can vary even within the same project location.
In general, marine environments are the most corrosive and unpredictable. In the few meters of vertical zoning which most structures encompass, parts of the sheet piles are in contact with soil, and exposed to seawater immersion, inter-tidal, splash and marine atmospheric environments.
Polysiloxane (often referred to as ‘hydide coatings’) products have been one of the major technology platforms used in the European offshore sector mainly due ban on isocynate among several customers. The potential long-term performance of polysiloxanes coatings have also been a strong argument for this topcoat selection in NORSOK (501 – rev 5) systems. There have been several claim-situations with delamination in epically two-coat systems, but similar problems have also been seen on traditional NORSOK systems.
This paper focuses on the Norwegian offshore sector and on the type of coating systems that are currently selected for new platforms. Where shall the coating be used, what coatings are chosen and why have they been chosen.
As part of the national research project OWS-MV (Offshore Wind Solutions-MecklenburgVorpommern), investigations were carried out to assess effects of mechanical stresses on the corrosion protection performance of coatings for offshore wind turbines (OWEA). In order to simulate typical damage mechanisms during transport and assembly of OWEA, compression, impact and abrasion tests and corrosion resistance tests were performed on laboratory scales.