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This paper presents new applications of Volatile Corrosion Inhibitors (VCI) inside new and/or existing out-of-service pipelines. The system utilizes a combination of soluble and volatile corrosion inhibitors that are directly applied into the pipeline.
This paper presents new applications of Volatile Corrosion Inhibitors (VCI) inside new and/or existing out-of-service pipelines. The system utilizes a combination of soluble and volatile corrosion inhibitors that are directly applied into the pipeline. In some cases, the decrease in the corrosiveness of environment is done by increasing the pH. Different approaches are discussed depending on pipeline design and operating considerations of the owner. A recurring issue during the construction and commissioning, and sometimes operation, of facility pipe (pump station and terminal) assets is the creation of internal corrosion threats due to leftover hydrotest water or product. Available methods for removing the water or product entirely, or applying inhibitor chemicals to the hydrotest medium or product, are time-consuming and expensive. In 2015, 2016, and 2017 VCI chemicals were applied to various facility piping systems in lieu of other methods which would mitigate internal corrosion threats. This method, while not a best-practice in the oil and gas industry at the time, was shown through laboratory testing to be effective at mitigating both biological and generalized internal corrosion. The application of VCI was also proven to be safe for the personnel involved, which was one of the original objections of the operator, and the application process resulted in significant cost savings at the time of commissioning. This paper details a single preservation project as an example.
Key words: volatile corrosion inhibitors, VCI, pipeline, corrosion protection, internal corrosion, microbiologically inducted corrosion, MIC, hydrotest, out of service
On-site personnel can now be trained to gather and test samples. Development of this on-site testing kit is described and a case study presented on its use in the field. Feedback provided from on-site personnel, and further development of the method are discussed.
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The influence of sulfur as H2S-addition on the stability or degradation of tube materials and on the coke formation was studied. The investigated samples were alumina-forming- as well as chromia-forming alloys taken from conventional radiant tubes.
A new field gradient (FG) measurement tool has been developed for cathodic protection (CP) inspection of subsea facilities. The paper presents a case where FG data and CP modelling have been used to optimize CP retrofit design, cutting costs by 50%.