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For development of further high-strength low-alloy steel OCTG for sour service, effects of carbon content on the strength, microstructure, and sulfide stress cracking (SSC) resistance of low-alloy steel were fundamentally investigated.
High strength OCTG is required for high pressure / high temperature (HPHT) well applications in order to withstand the expected extreme partial pressures and depths. For development of further high strength low alloy steel OCTG for sour service effects of carbon content on strength microstructure and sulfide stress cracking (SSC) resistance of low alloy steel were investigated fundamentally.Modified AISI 4130 (1.0wt%Cr - 0.7wt%Mo) steel with varying carbon content from 0.25 to 0.60wt% quenched and tempered were analyzed with respect to martensite sub-structure (such as block size) precipitation of carbide dislocation density and hydrogen absorption behavior. By increasing carbon content the sizes of martensite blocks were refined (become smaller). It resulted in increasing strength of the steel even after tempering at high temperature. The tempering at high temperature led to reducing dislocation density and spheroidizing carbides. Hydrogen absorption in the steel with higher carbon content was reduced in a sour environment due to the reduction in dislocation density. SSC resistance was also evaluated using tensile tests according to NACE Standard TM0177 Method A. The steel with higher carbon content had higher threshold strength of SSC resistance which is likely to be due to the above mentioned microstructural improvements.From the result a development of further high strength low alloy steel OCTG such as 140 ksi Grade for sour service could be expected by using higher carbon materials.
Key words: Sulfide Stress Cracking, high-strength low-alloy steel, hydrogen.
NACE TM0177 Method D corrosion test is used on low alloyed steels in sour environments. A DCB testing program has been performed on 125 ksi grade sour service casings and couplings in 0.07 bar H2S gas for solving these issues and for providing meaningful KISSC values.
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The stainless steel 17-4 PH (H1150D) is a cost-effective alloy for oilfield components due to its combination of high strength, toughness, and good corrosion resistance. Plasma nitriding improves the surface strength of the 17-4 PH and this work suggests that the nitrided can the resistance to SSC.
Today a need for a C125 Sulfide Stress Cracking (SSC) resistant material exists with the development of High Pressure/High Temperature (HP/HT) oil and gas fields. This paper focuses on the SS resistance of industrial heats.