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Products tagged with 'hydrogen embrittlement'

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Picture for RP0472-Methods and Controls to Prevent In-Service Environmental Cracking of Carbon Steel Weldments in Corrosive Petroleum Refining Environments-HD2000
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RP0472-HD2000-SG-Methods and Controls to Prevent In-Service Environmental Cracking of Carbon Steel Weldments in Corrosive Petroleum Refining Environments-HD2000

Product Number: 21006-HD2000
ISBN: 1-57590-114-5
Publication Date: 2000
$179.00

Guidelines to prevent environmental cracking of weldments in carbon steel refinery equipment and piping. Welding processes: SMAW, GMAW, FCAW, GTAW and SAW.
Picture for Severe Under-Deposit Corrosion Inducing Hydrogen Embrittlment in Water Wall Tubes
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Severe Under-Deposit Corrosion Inducing Hydrogen Embrittlment in Water Wall Tubes

Product Number: 51317--8889-SG
ISBN: 8889 2017 CP
Author: Abdelkader Meroufel
Publication Date: 2017
$20.00

Water wall tubes from boiler operating for 14 years were subject to repeated failures ranging from pinholes to cracks and ruptures. A failure analysis on a received tube was carried out including destructive and non-destructive testing.
Picture for Sour Gas and Hydrogen Embrittlement Resistance of High-Strength UNS N07022 Alloy for Oil and Gas App
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Sour Gas and Hydrogen Embrittlement Resistance of High-Strength UNS N07022 Alloy for Oil and Gas App

Product Number: 51317--9479-SG
ISBN: 9479 2017 CP
Author: Jeremy L. Caron
Publication Date: 2017
$20.00

Recent results of sour gas and hydrogen embrittlement testing of CW N07022 alloy will be presented. The test results of CW N07022 alloy will demonstrate that it offers superior properties to precipitation-strengthened Ni-base alloys for demanding oil and gas applications.
Picture for SP0472-2010 (formerly RP0472) (Spanish)
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SP0472-2010-(Spanish), "Métodos y controles para prevenir el agrietamiento ambiental en servicio de uniones soldadas de acero al carbono en ambientes corrosivos de refinación de petróleo"

Product Number: 21177-SG
ISBN: 1-57590-115-3
Publication Date: 2010
$179.00

Guías para prevenir formas de agrietamiento ambiental en uniones soldadas de equipos de acero al carbón en refinerías - recipientes presión, intercambiadores de calor, tuberías, cuerpos de válvulas y carcazas de bombas y compresores.
Picture for SP0472-2010 (Chinese)
Available for download

SP0472-2010-SG (Chinese), Methods and Controls to Prevent In-Service Environmental Cracking of Carbon Steel Weldments in Corrosive Petroleum Refining Environments

Product Number: 21151-SG
ISBN: 1-57590-115-3
Publication Date: 2010
$179.00

Guidelines to prevent most forms of environmental cracking of weldments in carbon steel refinery equipment and piping. Processes covered: SMAW, GMAW, FCAW, GTAW, SAW.  
Picture for Stainless Steels for Automotive Applications – Hydrogen Embrittlement Testing for High Pressure Hydrogen Gas Using Different Methods
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Stainless Steels for Automotive Applications – Hydrogen Embrittlement Testing for High Pressure Hydrogen Gas Using Different Methods

Product Number: 51323-19241-SG
Author: Ulf H. Kivisakk, Björn Bosbach, Emil Cederberg, Ulrika Borggren, Nian Zhou
Publication Date: 2023
$20.00

Today hydrogen for use as fuel for vehicles is getting more and more attention as an alternative to vehicles using fossil-based fuels. Hydrogen is used in both electric fuel cell cars and in heavy vehicles using direct combustion of hydrogen. Such vehicles require stainless tubing for transport of the hydrogen and for bosses to composite tanks in addition to tubing and fittings in hydrogen fueling stations.

Picture for Strain Hardened Austenitic Corrosion Resistant Alloys’ Susceptibility to Hydrogen Induced Stress Cracking
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Strain Hardened Austenitic Corrosion Resistant Alloys’ Susceptibility to Hydrogen Induced Stress Cracking

Product Number: 51323-19235-SG
Author: Amrinder P.S. Dhillon, Xu Lu, Roy Johnsen, Ida Westermann
Publication Date: 2023
$20.00

Several offshore field failures in recent years have been attributed to Hydrogen Induced Stress Cracking (HISC) of high strength, highly corrosion resistant Precipitation Hardened Nickel Alloys (PHNA’s) such as UNS N07716, UNS N07718 and UNS N07725.

Hence, HISC is a constant concern regarding subsea components subjected to high tensile stress, and the industry is searching for solutions to their technical needs: High strength corrosion resistant alloys (CRA’s) resistant to seawater (high Pitting Resistance Equivalent number (PREN)) but also resistant to HISC.

For PHNA’s, improved processing (chemical composition limits and processing temperatures) and improved quality control methods as well as refined acceptance criteria are all under consideration.
Picture for Stress Corrosion Cracking And Hydrogen Embrittlement of High-Strength Non-Magnetic Alloys In Hot Concentrated Brines
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Stress Corrosion Cracking And Hydrogen Embrittlement of High-Strength Non-Magnetic Alloys In Hot Concentrated Brines

Product Number: 86162-SG
Author: J. G. Erlings, H.W. de Groot, J.F.M. van Roy
Publication Date: 1986
$20.00

Unexpected brittle failures of UNS NO5500 drill string parts and non-magnetic drill collars have recently been observed in cases where the UNS NO5500 components were galvanically coupled to carbon steel in concentrated salt solutions at temperatures between ambient and higher than 373 K. Cracking occured preferable at locations with a tri-axial stress condition (roots of threads) and has been ascribed to hydrogen embrittlement. 
Picture for Stress Cracking and Fatigue Resistance of Seamless Pipes for Hydrogen Storage and Transport Applications
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Stress Cracking and Fatigue Resistance of Seamless Pipes for Hydrogen Storage and Transport Applications

Product Number: 51323-19050-SG
Author: Florian Thebault, Laurent Delattre, Vincent Designolle
Publication Date: 2023
$20.00

Hydrogen gas is called to play a key role in the energy transition and initiatives needed for a
decarbonization of the economy. Initially, assets for energy storage and transport were developed and qualified for the purpose of the oil and gas industry, especially natural gas. Repurposing of existing assets for the use of hydrogen gas, or creation of new dedicated hydrogen transport and storage infrastructure, is a great challenge for future hydrogen projects. It includes the qualification of steel materials under
hydrogen gas environment.
Picture for Susceptibility of martensitic stainless steels to hydrogen embrittlement
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Susceptibility of martensitic stainless steels to hydrogen embrittlement

Product Number: 51323-19273-SG
Author: Lütfi Ekmekci, Merlin Seifert, Clara Herrera
Publication Date: 2023
$20.00

A decarbonized energy system is underway worldwide. The Paris Agreement goal is to keep global warming “below 2 degrees Celsius above preindustrial levels, and to pursue effort to limit the temperature increase even further to 1.5 degrees Celsius.” To achieve this long-term temperature goal, big changes are needed in the ways energy is produced, distributed and storage.
Picture for Susceptibility Study of Common Regulator Alloys to Hydrogen Embrittlement
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Susceptibility Study of Common Regulator Alloys to Hydrogen Embrittlement

Product Number: 51324-20893-SG
Author: Gerardo Gamboa; Ali Babakr; Jim Griffin; Marcus L. Young
Publication Date: 2024
$40.00
Introducing hydrogen into the existing natural gas pipeline network has been proposed as a way of decreasing greenhouse gas (GHG) effects from the combustion of natural gas. However, hydrogen is known to degrade the strength of many alloys through hydrogen embrittlement (HE). Therefore, it is important to carefully define the maximum allowable pressure hydrogen concentration for each alloy to avoid detrimental effects to the material. In this study, hydrogen testing was carried out to evaluate the susceptibility of selected alloys to hydrogen embrittlement via controlled exposure to methane gas blended with different hydrogen concentrations and at different pressures. In addition, a diffusible hydrogen test was carried out to identify the amount of solid solution hydrogen in the samples. The alloys were representative of common regulator materials used in gas pipeline products. Tensile samples with a highly polished surface were tested under five different environments: 1.6 MPa (16 bar) of 10% and 50% hydrogen gas mixture, and 10 MPa (100 bar) of 10%, 30%, and 50% hydrogen gas mixture after soaking between 2 days and 5 weeks. Tests on control samples were performed in ambient environment. The results from this study provide insight into the effects of hydrogen on various alloys under five different environments and indicate which alloys performed best under a given environment.
Picture for Susceptibility to Hydrogen Embrittlement of Engineering Steels with Martensitic Microstructures
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Susceptibility to Hydrogen Embrittlement of Engineering Steels with Martensitic Microstructures

Product Number: 51324-20800-SG
Author: Clara Herrera; Merlin Seifert
Publication Date: 2024
$40.00
Hydrogen emerged as a solution to increasing environmental problems and is becoming an important energy resource. However, hydrogen can deteriorate the mechanical performance of metallic components. This phenomenon is known as hydrogen embrittlement (HE). Engineering steels, such as nickel-chromium-molybdenum steels, are widely used in the industry and can be attractive materials for hydrogen applications such as pressure vessels, owing to a good combination of tensile strength (up to 1.1 GPa) and ductility (e.g., 10 % or higher). They can decrease product weight and reduce construction costs. However, as HE susceptibility tends to increase with increasing strength of steels, high-strength steels are susceptible to HE when used in hydrogen gas environment. The aim of this paper is to investigate the susceptibility of different engineering steels to hydrogen embrittlement. Three martensitic Cr-Ni-Mo steels were investigated. Slow strain rate tests were performed in gaseous hydrogen at 100 bar (10 MPa) and room temperature. Microstructure characterization and fractography study were carried out. Ni-Cr-Mo steels show a martensitic microstructure with precipitates in quenched and tempered condition. Their YS and UTS are higher than 1000 MPa (145 ksi) and 1100 MPa (159 ksi), respectively. Hydrogen gas degrades the ductility of Cr-Ni-Mo steels considerably, while strength deteriorates slightly. Fractography is characterized by a brittle fracture assisted by hydrogen. Hydrogen-Enhanced Localized Plasticity (HELP) is seen to be the primary failure mechanism in martensitic steels.
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