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Picture for Effect of Temperature and Pressure on the Performance of Corrosion Resistant Alloy (CRA) Coatings in
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51318-10967-Effect of Temperature and Pressure on the Performance of Corrosion Resistant Alloy (CRA) Coatings in

Product Number: 51318-10967-SG
Author: Shiladitya Paul
Publication Date: 2018
$20.00

Thermally sprayed CRA coatings can provide a cost-effective corrosion mitigation method for infrastructure in wet supercritical CO2 at 40°C and 80°C. The scales formed on the steel protected it from further corrosion in 10 MPa and 50 MPa CO2.
Picture for Evaluation of Corrosion Behavior of Steels for Direct Supercritical CO2 Power Cycle Applications
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51318-11017-Evaluation of Corrosion Behavior of Steels for Direct Supercritical CO2 Power Cycle Applications

Product Number: 51318-11017-SG
Author: Reyixiati Repukaiti / Ömer N. Doğan / Randal B. Thomas / Julie D. Tucker / Lucas Teeter / Margaret Ziomek-Moroz / Nicolas J. Huerta
Publication Date: 2018
$20.00

Autoclave tests were performed in CO₂, O₂, and H₂O at 8 MPa at 50°C and 245°C, (heat exchanger operating conditions). Results show significant corrosion in a pressure / temperature region where H₂O saturated with CO₂ condenses on the coupons.
Picture for Corrosion Inhibition of Carbon Steel under Supercritical CO2/H2S Environment
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51318-11193-Corrosion Inhibition of Carbon Steel under Supercritical CO2/H2S Environment

Product Number: 51318-11193-SG
Author: Yoon-Seok Choi / Shokrollah Hassani / Thanh Nam Vu / Srdjan Nesic
Publication Date: 2018
$20.00

Experiments were carried out in a 7.5L autoclave with two combinations of CO2 partial pressure and temperature and different H2S concentrations. Corrosion behavior of specimens was evaluated using electrochemical measurements and surface analytical techniques.
Picture for The Effect of High Partial Pressure of CO2 on the Corrosion Mechanism of Carbon Steel in H2O-CO2 Systems
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51318-11623-The Effect of High Partial Pressure of CO2 on the Corrosion Mechanism of Carbon Steel in H2O-CO2 Systems

Product Number: 51318-11623-SG
Author: Tatiana C. Almeida / Oscar R. Mattos / Rogaciano M. Moreira / Merlin C. E. Bandeira
Publication Date: 2018
$20.00

The corrosion mechanism of X65 carbon steel was evaluated in water environment by increasing CO2 partial pressure from 1 bar at 24 °C to 110 bar at 40 °C, reaching conditions that include water saturated with supercritical CO2.
Picture for Corrosion Of 2Cr Steel In Supercritical CO2 Saturated Saline Water With Cl, S and Br Anions
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Corrosion Of 2Cr Steel In Supercritical CO2 Saturated Saline Water With Cl, S and Br Anions

Product Number: 51323-19014-SG
Author: Benjamin Taylor, Yimin Zeng, Haofei Sun, Jing Liu
Publication Date: 2023
$20.00

Before full decarburization can be achieved, the Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change (IPCC) suggests an applicable way of combining CO2-producing processes with the carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) chain. Except for permanent CO2 storage, the economics and efficiency of CCUS processes can be further improved by utilizing the CO2 byproduct in other industry areas. One of the promising methods is to use the captured CO2 for enhanced oil recovery (EOR).
Picture for Corrosion of Cr-Alloyed Steels in Supercritical CO2-Saturated Brine Water
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Corrosion of Cr-Alloyed Steels in Supercritical CO2-Saturated Brine Water

Product Number: 51324-20809-SG
Author: Alexander Gross; Haofei Sun; Jing Liu
Publication Date: 2024
$40.00
In the context of urgent efforts to reduce global carbon emissions, carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) has gained prominence. Tubing and casing steels are vital materials of construction (MOC) in CCUS systems, especially in supercritical CO2 (s-CO2) environments. However, the understanding of the corrosion behavior of these steels under s-CO2 conditions is limited, which presents integrity challenges. Immersion experiments were conducted with steels containing varying chromium (Cr) levels (0.5 wt% to 16.5 wt%), including P110, P91, and SS 316. These steels were exposed to s-CO2-saturated brine water (3.5 wt% NaCl) at 50 °C and 10 MPa for durations of 10 and 100 hours. Corrosion rates were determined via weight loss measurements, and corrosion products were analyzed with SEM and XRD. P110 displayed the highest corrosion rates (15.7 mm/y at 10 hours, 2.9 mm/y at 100 hours) but developed a thick FeCO3 layer after 100 hours. In contrast, P91 and SS 316 exhibited lower corrosion rates after 100 hours (0.04 mm/y and < 0.01 mm/y, respectively). The influence of Cr content and exposure duration on the corrosion behavior of these steels were discussed. All steels exhibited decreasing corrosion rates over time, primarily due to oxide formation, enhancing the understanding of casing and tubing steel corrosion in s-CO2 environments.
Picture for Corrosion Resistance Evaluation Of Super Duplex Stainless Steel In Supercritical CO2 Saturated Liquid Phase Containing Impurities O2 Or SO2
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Corrosion Resistance Evaluation Of Super Duplex Stainless Steel In Supercritical CO2 Saturated Liquid Phase Containing Impurities O2 Or SO2

Product Number: 51322-17602-SG
Author: Daisuke Matsuo, Masayuki Sagara, Yuji Arai, Hisashi Amaya, Kyohei Kanki
Publication Date: 2022
$20.00

Carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) is one of the key technologies to achieve the net-zero emission. One of the CCUS method is CO2 injection to depleted oil and gas wells or aquifers and storage (CCS). The CO2 emitted from fossil fuel-based powers and industrial plants are captured and transported to the injection point by ships or pipe line. Following that, the dense phase or supercritical phase CO2 will be injected to depleted oil and gas wells or aquifers through oil country tubular goods, for examples, seamless pipe.
Picture for Corrosion Resistance of Duplex Stainless Steels for CCS Application under the Liquid Phase in Equilibrium with Supercritical CO2 Containing Slight Amount of O2
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Corrosion Resistance of Duplex Stainless Steels for CCS Application under the Liquid Phase in Equilibrium with Supercritical CO2 Containing Slight Amount of O2

Product Number: 51324-20598-SG
Author: Kyohei Kanki; Daisuke Matsuo; Yuji Arai; Hisashi Amaya
Publication Date: 2024
$40.00
In carbon dioxide capture and storage, CO2 emitted from various industries containing impurities is captured and injected underground in dense or supercritical phase through tubings. In order to evaluate corrosion resistances of materials in the supercritical CO2 with a slight amount of O2, corrosion tests were performed under the conditions of 5 mass% NaCl equilibrium with CO2, containing with the various amount of O2 at total pressure of 130 bar and 100 °C. Super Martensitic Stainless Steel (UNS S41426), Duplex Stainless Steel (UNS S82551), and Super Duplex Stainless Steel (UNS S39274) were evaluated. Localized corrosion was observed in S41426 at conditions higher than 200ppm O2 (0.026 bar O2 partial pressure) condition. On the other hand, S82551 and S39274 showed good corrosion resistance in the same condition. As for S82551, it suffered from localized corrosion at 1000ppm O2 (0.13 bar O2) condition. However, in the actual O2 concentrations, it is considered that S82551 and S39274 are suitable materials even if formation water flow back has occurred.
Picture for Corrosion testing of CRA in simulated CO2 injection well environments
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Corrosion testing of CRA in simulated CO2 injection well environments

Product Number: 51323-18993-SG
Author: Gaute Svenningsen, Bjørn Helge Morland
Publication Date: 2023
$20.00

The number of CCS projects (planned and in operation) is increasing, and project developers need to provide firm evidence that the proposed material is suitable for these applications.
The petroleum industry has long experience with materials selection for wells, but the conditions for CO2 injection wells are somewhat different from “conventional” oil and gas wells. This is due to the high CO2 content and pressure (up to several hundred bar) which results in low pH condensed water (exact value depends on pressure and temperature, but approximately pH 3.0).
Development of Technique for In-Situ Measurement of Oxide Film Thickness in High Pressure and High Temperature Environments
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Development Of Technique For In-Situ Measurement Of Oxide Film Thickness In High Pressure And High Temperature Environments

Product Number: 51322-18211-SG
Author: Florent Bocher, Jeffrey Boehme
Publication Date: 2022
$20.00

High pressure and high temperature processes are present in a wide variety of industries and are often pushing the limits of common materials. As a result, these applications have required advanced materials as well as an improved understanding of the in-situ conditions. Furthermore, those processes have become more and more present in a wide range of industries such as upstream oil and gas (O&G) and power generation (in supercritical CO2 or molten salt nuclear reactors). The corrosion performance of existing and emerging materials to the extreme environments present in next generation power must be well characterized to ensure material integrity and reduce the risk of catastrophic failures due to environmentally assisted cracking, homogeneous corrosion, thermal oxidation, or other mechanisms. 
Picture for Effect Of H2S On CO2 Corrosion Of Mild Steel In HPHT Conditions
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Effect Of H2S On CO2 Corrosion Of Mild Steel In HPHT Conditions

Product Number: 51321-16622-SG
Author: Yoon-Seok Choi/ Fernando Farelas/ Luciano Paolinelli/ Srdjan Nesic/ Ahmad Zaki B Abas/ Azmi Mohammed Nor/ Muhammad Firdaus Suhor
Publication Date: 2021
$20.00
Picture for Effect of H2S on the Corrosion and Cracking Behavior of Welded API 5L X65 Steel in Supercritical CO2
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Effect of H2S on the Corrosion and Cracking Behavior of Welded API 5L X65 Steel in Supercritical CO2

Product Number: 51321-16407-SG
Author: Shiladitya Paul
Publication Date: 2021
$20.00
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