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Experiments were carried out in a 7.5L autoclave with two combinations of CO2 partial pressure and temperature and different H2S concentrations. Corrosion behavior of specimens was evaluated using electrochemical measurements and surface analytical techniques.
The effect of small amounts of H2S on the corrosion behavior and corrosion protection of carbon steel was investigated in high pressure CO2 environments. The experiments were carried out in a 7.5L autoclave with two combinations of CO2 partial pressure and temperature (12 MPa/80oC and 8 MPa/25oC) with different H2S concentrations (0, 100 and 200 ppm). The corrosion behavior of specimens was evaluated using electrochemical measurements and surface analytical techniques. It was found that the addition of small amounts of H2S reduced the corrosion rate of carbon steel in high pressure CO2 environments. However, the corrosion rate was still higher than the targeted rate (< 0.1 mm/y). Additional protection was required in order to achieve the target. Utilizing 400 ppm of an imidazoline-type corrosion inhibitor reduced the corrosion rate of carbon steel below 0.1 mm/y in a high pressure CO2 condition with H2S. Compared to carbon steel, the corrosion resistance of low Cr steels was lower in the corresponding CO2 conditions with H2S.
Key words: Supercritical/liquid CO2, CO2 corrosion, carbon steel, low Cr alloy steel, corrosion inhibitor
In the present study, the performance of imidazoline-based corrosion inhibitor was evaluated by examining environmental effects on the corrosion rate and corrosion behavior of materials.
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The corrosion mechanism of X65 carbon steel was evaluated in water environment by increasing CO2 partial pressure from 1 bar at 24 °C to 110 bar at 40 °C, reaching conditions that include water saturated with supercritical CO2.
The NORSOK M-506 is an empirical model based on experiments undertaken in a single phase water flow loop. The data is from experiments with low content of iron ions in the water phase, and the model is thus regarded to give a fair representation of the maximum corrosion rate in a CO2 corrosion controlled system.