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Organic coatings protect the underlying metallic substrate against corrosion by acting as a barrier to corrosive species such as water, ions, and oxygen. Unfortunately, coatings might contain defects and could degrade or disbond under some environmental conditions, resulting in favorable pathways for such corrosive species.
Barrier protection is one of the modes by which intact coatings provide protection to metal substrates through a reduction of the transport of materials, ions, or charge.
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The corrosion process that causes metal degradation is natural. The metal and its structure corrode with time. The corrosion rate is usually faster in specific corrosive environments.
This paper will discuss the many factors affecting the timing for concrete shrinkage (and related cracking) as well as the rate of loss of excess moisture which are not reliant on 28 days of concrete cure time. In addition, case histories will be presented evidencing successful coating applications on concrete well before 28 days of cure time versus coating problems experienced well beyond 28 days of concrete cure.
The primary structure of many outdoor baseball parks and football stadiums is exposed structural steel. These facilities are often located in major cities in areas that may present challenges in control of corrosion. The challenge is also manifested in the fact that the structural steel frame becomes an architectural feature which must be maintained as an aesthetic element.
Zebra mussels were first introduced in the United States in the 1980’s into the Great Lakes. The migration of the mussels west prompted the US Bureau of Reclamation to examine technologies that might reduce their impact on water resources infrastructure. Many new materials and coating products have been developed to deter the attachment of mussels to infrastructure with new products being frequently introduced
Concrete superstructures are either post-tensioned or prestressed using mild steel tensioning strands running the length of the concrete structural members. In most designs, the mild steel strands are uncoated and rely solely on their proper placement within the concrete member and the concrete itself to provide adequate corrosion protection.
Cracks in a concrete substrate pose a challenge for coatings. Cracks that are not properly identified and addressed can lead to premature failure of the coating. This paper will discuss the forces that cause cracking in concrete structures, as well as crack types and repair techniques.
Concrete is one of the most durable construction materials available, but all too frequently we ignore its maintenance. Many of the techniques called "coating", "protection", and corrosion mitigation are, maintenance of concrete. The life span of concrete structures can be significantly extended by pro-actively addressing deterioration and durability issues through keeping water and other deleterious materials out of concrete after it has properly cured
Over the past few decades surface preparation standards have been implemented to provide guidance on determining the necessary surface cleanliness for specific applications. Prior to such standards, surfaces were prepared as they saw fit at the time of application which created high variability in performance of the protective coating. Since the standards were developed, the resulting performance consistency has become increased significantly. Such standards discuss a visual inspection of the steel after an abrasive material has been used to remove scale, rust, and other discoloration soils.
The coatings industry has gone through many changes. High-performance coatings have advanced to a point where they can be applied in almost any condition under nearly any circumstance to protect and increase the life expectancy of a steel structure.
There are many factors which need to be considered when making the decision to over coat an existing coating system. With the magnitude of data that need to be evaluated in relation to the existing coating system and potential scenarios that are possible it is important to take multiple details into account. Details including inspection criteria of the existing coating system and substrate, owner’s goals and objectives, asset location and environmental conditions must all be taken into consideration.
As the technology of dehumidification has developed over the last 25 years, the air conditioner has always played an active role, right along with its sister, the desiccant dehumidifier. The benefits of a refrigeration-based dehumidifier are both obvious and obscure.