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51318-10984-INFLUENTIAL FACTORS RELATED TO LOCALIZED CORROSION OF MILD STEEL IN SLIGHTLY SOUR ENVIRONMENTS

Picture for INFLUENTIAL FACTORS RELATED TO LOCALIZED CORROSION OF MILD STEEL IN SLIGHTLY SOUR ENVIRONMENTS
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A comprehensive parametric study was performed using a small-scale laboratory setup with the aim of investigating the occurrence of localized corrosion of mild steel in marginally sour environments.

Product Number: 51318-10984-SG
Author: Wei Zhang / Bruce Brown / David Young / Srdjan Nesic / Marc Singer
Publication Date: 2018
Industry: Science of Corrosion
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A comprehensive parametric study was performed using a small-scale laboratory setup with the aim of investigating the occurrence of localized corrosion in marginally sour environments. The parameters of interest were the partial pressure of H2S, bulk pH, temperature, the partial pressure of CO2, salt concentration and steel substrate carbon content. This series of experiments defined a window of operating conditions leading to the occurrence of localized corrosion: temperatures between 30C and 60C, pH2S from 0.02 mbar to 0.15 mbar, bulk pH below 6, and sodium chloride concentrations between 1 and 10 wt%. Even if, according to thermodynamic calculations, FeSMackinawite was under-saturated in the bulk solution in marginally sour environments, the formation of an FeSMackinawite layer was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Element Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), embedded in the Fe3C network of the steel microstructure. The hypothesis is that the surface saturation of FeSMackinawite was much higher than in the bulk due to mass transfer limitations within the Fe3C network leading to a higher pH. This hypothesis was confirmed when similar experiments did not yield any localized corrosion when performed on 99% pure iron samples, whose microstructure does not contain any cementite.

Keywords: Localized Corrosion, Pitting, Sour Corrosion, FeS, H2S, CO2 corrosion, Fe3C, Mild Steel,

API X65 Steel, Pure Iron.

A comprehensive parametric study was performed using a small-scale laboratory setup with the aim of investigating the occurrence of localized corrosion in marginally sour environments. The parameters of interest were the partial pressure of H2S, bulk pH, temperature, the partial pressure of CO2, salt concentration and steel substrate carbon content. This series of experiments defined a window of operating conditions leading to the occurrence of localized corrosion: temperatures between 30C and 60C, pH2S from 0.02 mbar to 0.15 mbar, bulk pH below 6, and sodium chloride concentrations between 1 and 10 wt%. Even if, according to thermodynamic calculations, FeSMackinawite was under-saturated in the bulk solution in marginally sour environments, the formation of an FeSMackinawite layer was observed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Element Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS), embedded in the Fe3C network of the steel microstructure. The hypothesis is that the surface saturation of FeSMackinawite was much higher than in the bulk due to mass transfer limitations within the Fe3C network leading to a higher pH. This hypothesis was confirmed when similar experiments did not yield any localized corrosion when performed on 99% pure iron samples, whose microstructure does not contain any cementite.

Keywords: Localized Corrosion, Pitting, Sour Corrosion, FeS, H2S, CO2 corrosion, Fe3C, Mild Steel,

API X65 Steel, Pure Iron.

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Picture for Localized Corrosion of Mild Steel under Iron Sulfide Layers in CO2/H2S Environment
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51318-10990-Localized Corrosion of Mild Steel under Iron Sulfide Layers in CO2/H2S Environment

Product Number: 51318-10990-SG
Author: Saba Navabzadeh Esmaeely / Gheorghe Bota / Bruce Brown / Srdjan Nesic
Publication Date: 2018
$20.00

Mild steel specimens (API 5L X65) were pretreated to form a pyrrhotite layer on the surface using high temperature sulfidation in oil, then exposed to a range of aqueous CO2 and H2S corrosion environments, leading to initiation of localized corrosion.

 
Picture for Effect of Alloying Elements on the Corrosion Behavior of Carbon Steel in CO2 Environments
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51318-10997-Effect of Alloying Elements on the Corrosion Behavior of Carbon Steel in CO2 Environments

Product Number: 51318-10997-SG
Author: Yoon-Seok Choi / Srdjan Nesic / Hwan-Gyo Jung
Publication Date: 2018
$20.00

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of alloying elements (Cr, Mo and Cu) on the corrosion behavior of low carbon steel in CO2 environments. Six samples were prepared with varying Cr content from 0 to 2 wt.% and with added 0.5 wt.% of Mo and Cu.
Picture for 10332 Sour and Sweet Corrosion of Carbon Steel: General or Pitting or Localized or All of the Above?
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10332 Sour and Sweet Corrosion of Carbon Steel: General or Pitting or Localized or All of the Above?

Product Number: 51300-10332-SG
ISBN: 10332 2010 CP
Author: Sankara Papavinasam, Alex Doiron, Jian Li, Dong-Yeob Park, and Pei Liu
Publication Date: 2010
$20.00

Analysis of corrosion of carbon steel in sour and sweet environments. Non-classical nature of localized pitting corrosion of carbon steel in sour and sweet environments explained. Description of a model to predict internal pitting corrosion of carbon steel under sour and sweet environments,
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