Corrosion issues in the conversion of vegetable and waste oils to produce biofuels

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To limit the impact of greenhouse gas emissions on climate change, the use of conventional hydrocarbons needs to be reduced significantly. The global demand for biofuels is thus expected to grow during the present decade. Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil (HVO) is one of the predominant biofuels produced by converting lipidic feedstocks (vegetable oils, animal fats, waste cooking oils, …) through a conventional refinery hydrotreatment (HDT) process.

Product Number: 51323-19308-SG

Author: Fouad Andari, Jean Kittel, François Ropital, Joana Fernandes, Laure Dodelin

Publication Date: 2023

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Experiments were carried out in industrial oils and model solutions presenting a wide range of concentration of free fatty acids and temperatures from 100°C to 290°C. As expected, the acid value has a strong impact on the corrosiveness of these bio-oils, quite similarly to naphthenic acids for conventional oils. For some test conditions, comparisons between neutral gas cap and H2 were carried out. A slight reduction of corrosion rate is measured in the presence of H2. Temperature also plays an important role in the range of 100°C to 290°C. It was observed that corrosion reactions for carbon and low alloy steels follow an energy activation Arrhenius law. For stainless steel grades, the positive influence of molybdenum was observed for highly acidic waste oils at high temperature.