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One can find some of the most aggressive and corrosive environments for coatings in the process work and equipment functions for Oil and Gas Upstream facilities. These conditions have typically been handled using traditional coating options such as vinyl esters, epoxies, or baked phenolic linings. While these products are often tailored to environments with elevated temperatures and pressures found within upstream and “downhole” oil and gas production, the inception of new drilling techniques and the discovery of new shale basins has morphed the landscape of corrosive environments in this market.
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CLTWater is one of the largest water entities in the Southeast region, managing a total of ten water and wastewater treatment plants serving a population of approximately one million. The MCWWMF is the largest wastewater treatment plant of five wastewater facilities owned and operated by CLTWater, rated at a 64 MGD treatment capacity and accounting for over half of CLTWater’s wastewater treatment system.
A new patent-pending resin technology incorporated into the epoxy/polysiloxane part A portion of a two-component coating system, using an amino-silane curing agent, has shown significant improvements in flexibility, gloss and color retention. Corrosion resistance and adhesion to non-sandblasted metal substrates have also shown improvements. The new resin technology may be considered for low-VOC and HAPs coating systems.
A new system for waterborne 2K epoxies has been developed that presents a measurable value proposition. Performance testing results are presented that demonstrate the key features of coatings prepared with the new amine hardener and two different epoxy dispersions. The hardener is ultra-low-VOC and contains no free amines (no need for hazard labeling).
Concrete will crack – that is a fact. When cracks appear, they are dynamic or static, and structural or non-structural. If the crack is static, non-structural, and does not leak, epoxies are great to restore design strength. However, since concrete constantly shrinks, expands, and often leaks, the use of a flexible polyurethane resin to permanently seal active leaks is the optimum choice to create a leak-free environment.
Since the inception of Epoxy Passive Fire Protection (EPFP), the industry has depended upon systems that require mesh reinforcement. The addition of this mesh adds at least $3.72 USD/sq. ft. to the applied systems. To avoid any risk of failure when exposed to fire reinforcement mesh must be correctly installed in accordance with the product’s certification and type approvals.
HISTORICAL DOCUMENT. This NACE International test method describes a reliable methodology for determining the peel strength of polyolefin-based multilayer pipeline coating systems, generally for coating thickness less than 12 mm (0.47 in). This standard provides a method to measure the peel strength of polyolefin-based multilayer coating systems, such as 2-layer polyethylene coating [2LPE], 3-layer polyethylene [3LPE], 3-layer polypropylene [3LPP], and heat shrink sleeve[HSS] field joint coating. It provides essential information on the quality of the applied coating. This is particularly important for field-applied coatings, of which the application process is significantly impacted by the environmental conditions and the skill set of the field applicators. This test method is intended for use by pipeline operating companies, pipeline owners, pipeline contractors, pipeline inspection services companies, and pipeline coating mills.
This test method describes a reliable methodology for determining the peel strength of polyolefin-based multilayer pipeline coating systems, generally for coating thickness less than 12 mm (0.47 in). This standard provides a method to measure the peel strength of polyolefin-based multilayer coating systems, such as 2-layer polyethylene coating (2LPE), 3-layer polyethylene (3LPE), 3-layer polypropylene (3LPP), and heat shrink sleeve (HSS) field joint coating. It provides essential information on the quality of the applied coating. This is particularly important for field-applied coatings, of which the application process is significantly impacted by the environmental conditions and the skill set of the field applicators.
A new acrylic epoxy hybrid (AEH) water based dispersion has been developed for two-components coating applications for several years. This new AEH dispersion can be used to replace the conventional water based epoxy dispersions for concrete and metal coatings. The curing agent selection for the new AEH dispersion is critical for metal applications for both formulation stability and the performance such as corrosion resistance, water resistance and UV durability. This paper discusses the utility of using ζ-potential and water solubility in curing agent selection.
During the 72-year history of using high performance coating systems for pipe internal corrosion control, there has been a slow introduction of different resin chemistries that serve as the backbone of these coating systems. While phenolic resins systems were the primary starting point, it transitioned to include epoxies, novolacs, nylons, urethanes and others. As needs outside corrosion control like deposit mitigation and wear resistance arose, coatings based on other specialty resin chemistries, like from the fluoropolymer family, were developed.
Shielding of cathodic protection (CP) by disbonded coatings is considered a “worst case scenario” for external corrosion in the pipeline industry. It has been hypothesized that if coatings were partially permeable to CP, the imbalance between cathodic and anodic reactions would induce a high pH environment under disbonded coatings and that would impede corrosion. However, direct experimental evidence of this process has been limited. Moreover, this line of reasoning is often inversed incorrectly assuming that the only reason for the presence of a high pH environment under disbonded coatings is their partial permeability to CP current.
The recent development of an electrochemical self-validating technique to measure the relatively small ionic currents that could permeate through defect free coatings has shed a new light on the topic. It has been found that most of the commercial pipeline coatings tested in unaged conditions present a CP shielding behavior. Accelerated hydrothermal ageing of fusion-bonded epoxy (FBE) coatings was performed to study the effect of water absorption. Ageing resulted in major plasticization, which increased the conduction of CP current through FBE coatings. However, FBE seems to be partially permeable to H+ and/or OH-, which reduces its ability to form and retain a high pH environment under disbonded coatings. In conjunction, these results thus indicate the extremely limited capability of commercial pipeline coatings to prevent corrosion in case of disbondment.