AMPP Store - Products tagged with 'corrosion mechanism'

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51316-7212-Formation of Galvanic Cells and Localized Corrosion under Atmospheric Conditions

Product Number: 51316-7212-SG

ISBN: 7212 2016 CP

Author: Dominique Thierry

Publication Date: 2016

$20.00

The aim of this study was to determine the mechanism of atmospheric corrosion of zinc in areas of local NaCl contamination and to define the driving force of spreading of electrochemical reactions using Scanning Kelvin Probe (SKP).

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A Damage-Based Approach and Predictive Modeling of Corrosion in Substrate/Coating Systems Using Artificial Neural Networks

Product Number: 51324-21150-SG

Author: Victor Ponce; Walter Tarr; Allison Mahood; Heather Eich; Homero Castaneda

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

The long-term performance of three different automotive surface coatings (physical barrier, sacrificial, and hybrid) was predicted using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Corrosive conditions faced by vehicles in the field, such as deicing, can be simulated using accelerated methods. The coating/metallic substrate interface experiences various degradation mechanisms during exposure to harsh conditions. In this work, real-time measurements were performed via EIS testing to characterize the degradation and corrosion mechanism of coating and substrate. After the real-time measurements, a mathematical framework based on mechanistic and machine-learning concepts was developed. Phase angle plots from EIS were utilized to monitor the state of the coating during steady-state conditions and train the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) as an arrangement of Time Series Prediction (TSP). The transport processes, activation, and interface interaction with the corrosive environments were analyzed as a corrosion mechanism and were predicted via the ANN model. The ANN has predicted the coating performance for several years, and the experimental results have been validated by employing scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging. Each coating condition has been validated via SEM imaging at the initial state and when the coating protection is activated.

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Brake Pads: Effect Of Galvanic Current On The Corrodibility Of Friction Materials And Backplates

Product Number: 51322-17926-SG

Author: Marco Bandiera, Arianna Pavesi, Fabio Manzoni, Bozhena Tsyupa, Andrea Bonfanti, Alessandro Mancini, Federico Bertasi

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

The brake system is a core component of cars, motorbikes, bikes, airplanes etc.. Its main task is to modulate the speed of moving vehicles by converting the kinetic energy into heat.^1,2 In the case of modern cars or motorbikes, the speed modulation can be performed by using the so-called disc-brake system.^1,2,3,4,5,6 This generates the braking torque by forcing two brake pads against a disc by the means of a caliper.^2,3,5,6 In the case of cars, the disc and the caliper are enclosed within each wheel and, as a consequence, can be exposed to corrosion phenomena, mostly related with atmospheric or environmental conditions.^1,3,7,8

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Corrosion Control of CUI in a Refinery

Product Number: 51217-053-SG

Author: Art MacKinnon

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

This paper will explain how to find CUI (Corrosion under Insulation within a refinery through proper inspection and, damage mechanisms, avoiding premature structural failure due to corrosion.

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Investigation of Amorphous Deposits and Potential Corrosion Mechanisms in Offshore Water Injection Systems

Product Number: 51317--9433-SG

ISBN: 9433 2017 CP

Author: Violette Eroini

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

This paper reviews current observations from the offshore oil fields and presents the potential biotic and abiotic mechanisms to magnetite formation.

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Mechanistic Insights into Refinery Sulfidation Corrosion

Product Number: 51323-19107-SG

Author: Ishan Patel, Gheorghe Bota, David Young

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

High temperature sulfidation (or sulfidic) corrosion of steel by sulfur species in crude oil has long been known to damage refinery equipment. Corrosion engineers have been using prediction curves derived from field corrosion data to estimate rates of sulfidation corrosion. However, a significant inaccuracy is often encountered in these estimations because of the extensive diversity in molecular structures of sulfur compounds in crude oils.

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Physicochemical Description of Refinery High Temperature Naphthenic Acid Corrosion

Product Number: 51324-20988-SG

Author: Ishan Patel; David Young; Gheorghe Bota

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Refinery high temperature naphthenic acid corrosion is known to generate oil soluble iron naphthenates and solid iron oxide as corrosion products. Associated chemical reactions have been written for a long time but are barely sufficient to resolve the comprehensive mechanism necessary to model their kinetics. A mechanism for naphthenic acid corrosion is proposed to be proceeding via formation of active intermediate by adopting the Lindemann-Hinshelwood approach. The rate law for the calculation of pure naphthenic acid corrosion rate was derived using a pseudo steady state hypothesis which could simulate laboratory corrosion data reported in the literature. The rate equation was also validated by experimental corrosion tests conducted in a high temperature flow-through reactors for carbon steel using a model oil solution of petroleum derived acids by manipulating solution concentration and temperature. Also, the formation of the solid iron oxide is proposed to be a result of the decay of active intermediate as an alternative mechanism in contrast with the currently accepted thermal decomposition pathway.

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Shale Gas Production Pipeline Failure - Case Study

Product Number: 51324-20698-SG

Author: Feras El Yaakobi; Sherman Kung; Connor Graham; Jeannine Schmid; Daryl Foley

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Shale gas production is unique and presents challenges in terms of corrosion mitigation and pipeline integrity management. Many of these challenges stem from variations in production modes from the early stages and as the system becomes mature, with many variables involved such as frac flowback, H2S, CO2, iron, microbial, velocities, topography, O2, hydrates, and paraffin. When combined with economic challenges the oil and gas industry faces, these factors force producers to strike a balance between technical decisions and operational/cost efficiencies, which adds complexity to an already difficult-to-manage system. This paper will review a pipeline failure case study from a critical sour shale gas gathering system in Canada. The case study will cover the history of the pipeline from commissioning until failure, challenges faced, root-cause analysis, solutions implemented, and results obtained. The case study will help increase awareness about best practices regarding pipeline pigging, corrosion inhibitor batch treatments, and analytical testing used when conducting failure root cause analysis. It also serves as a documentation for a corrosion failure in a pipeline with a staggering corrosion rate of over 2,800 mpy resulting in a pipeline failure in less than five weeks of operations.

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The Challenge of Balancing Adhesion and Corrosion Resistance in Waterborne Styrenated Acrylic Direct to Metal (DTM) Resins

Product Number: 51217-034-SG

Author: Allen Bulick, Chirs Le Fever, Glenn Frazee, Kailong Jin, Matt Mellorr

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

Design of waterborne acrylic and styrenated acrylic resins for metal protection requires balancing a multitude of often competing properties. One classic example is attempting to maintain hardness and block resistance while simultaneously reducing the volatile organic content (VOC) demand of waterborne paints. During a recent new product development project, another recurring tradeoff emerged – attempting to deliver a robust adhesion profile while maximizing corrosion resistance.

Products tagged with 'corrosion mechanism'

Association for Materials Protection and Performance