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Investigation of Amorphous Deposits and Potential Corrosion Mechanisms in Offshore Water Injection Systems

This paper reviews current observations from the offshore oil fields and presents the potential biotic and abiotic mechanisms to magnetite formation.

Product Number: 51317--9433-SG
ISBN: 9433 2017 CP
Author: Violette Eroini
Publication Date: 2017
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An increasing incidence of amorphous deposits in both production and water injection systems has caused considerable problems for offshore fields. Amorphous deposits which are a widely recognized but often poorly explained phenomenon are typically comprised of both organic (biological or hydrocarbon) and inorganic material but with compositions that vary considerably.One recurrent form of deposit found in offshore water injection flowlines and wells consisting mainly of magnetite as the corrosion product was further investigated with the objective of explaining its formation and assisting in prevention or remediation.It is proposed that the deposit formation observed in offshore water injection systems treated with nitrate is initiated by formation of a nitrate reducing biofilm promoting under deposit corrosion by activity of sulphate reducing and methanogenic prokaryotes; this in turn generating iron hydroxide and green rusts which are then mineralized through biotic or abiotic mechanisms to magnetite.This paper reviews current observations from the field and presents the potential biotic and abiotic corrosion mechanisms that can help to explain the deposit formation.Key Words: Seawater Injection Systems Nitrate Soft DepositsMagnetite Corrosion Mechanism Oilfield Prokaryotes.

Key words: Seawater Injection Systems, Nitrate, Soft Deposits, Magnetite, Corrosion Mechanism, Oilfield Prokaryotes

An increasing incidence of amorphous deposits in both production and water injection systems has caused considerable problems for offshore fields. Amorphous deposits which are a widely recognized but often poorly explained phenomenon are typically comprised of both organic (biological or hydrocarbon) and inorganic material but with compositions that vary considerably.One recurrent form of deposit found in offshore water injection flowlines and wells consisting mainly of magnetite as the corrosion product was further investigated with the objective of explaining its formation and assisting in prevention or remediation.It is proposed that the deposit formation observed in offshore water injection systems treated with nitrate is initiated by formation of a nitrate reducing biofilm promoting under deposit corrosion by activity of sulphate reducing and methanogenic prokaryotes; this in turn generating iron hydroxide and green rusts which are then mineralized through biotic or abiotic mechanisms to magnetite.This paper reviews current observations from the field and presents the potential biotic and abiotic corrosion mechanisms that can help to explain the deposit formation.Key Words: Seawater Injection Systems Nitrate Soft DepositsMagnetite Corrosion Mechanism Oilfield Prokaryotes.

Key words: Seawater Injection Systems, Nitrate, Soft Deposits, Magnetite, Corrosion Mechanism, Oilfield Prokaryotes

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Product Number: 51315-5962-SG
ISBN: 5962 2015 CP
Author: Troy Eggum
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