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Inhibition performance of a diethylenetriamine tall oil fatty acid imidazoline-type inhibitor (DETA/TOFA imidazoline) against CO2 corrosion of an API 5L X65 carbon steel was studied at two temperatures, 120C and 150C.
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Titanium does not show the required mechanical strength for high temperature high pressure applications and it can only be used to form liners for an SCWO apparatus. Therefore, pressure tubes made of alloy 625 were lined with titanium grade 2, Additionally corrosion tests with coupons made of titanium grades 2, 5, 7, 12 and P-C were performed.
Most cured epoxy resins provide excellent mechanical strength and toughness as well as outstanding chemical, moisture, and corrosion resistance. They also have good thermal, adhesive, and electrical properties, no volatiles emissions, low shrinkage upon cure and dimensional stability1. This unique combination of properties coupled with outstanding formulating versatility and reasonable costs, have gained epoxy resins wide acceptance as materials of choice for a multitude of protective coatings applications.
The crude oil produced by fracking or hydraulic fracturing method are high in sulfur content (0.5%)1. The vast majority of vessels that are used in the petrochemical industry to store and transport materials are constructed using Carbon steel. Coating linings used for corrosion protection inside of vessels and tanks must perform under severe conditions such as an exposure to corrosive gasses ( H2S) and carbon dioxide as well as high temperatures, high pressures and often must withstand the cold wall effect and rapid decompression.
This paper compares and contrasts the accelerated laboratory autoclave (NACE TM0185) performance at 300°F (149°C), and 250 psig, of eight polycyclamine cured epoxy linings. The latter were tested for tank, vessel and pipe spool applications in the oil and gas industry. Five of the linings were commercially available and three were experimental. A modified amine cured epoxy was also evaluated in the study, a lining used to transport shale oil in railcars at temperatures up to 200°F (93°C).
Drilling deeper geothermal wells to obtain more energy output per well with higher temperature and pressure and increased corrosiveness. Testing was done in simulated geothermal environment at 180°C and 350°C with a pressure of 10 bar. On high alloy austenitic stainless steel UNS S31254.
A suitable acid package in matrix acidizing application is very important to the stimulation employed to improve the productivity of carbonate reservoirs. Typically, concentrated acids between 5 and 28 wt% are used and the most used mineral acid for carbonate acidizing treatment is hydrochloric acid (HCl) 1,2. A significant challenge of acidizing treatment is corrosion loss of metal tubulars due to the high reactivity of acid and metal, especially at high temperatures. Corrosion inhibitors are needed to reduce the corrosion loss of steel surface of facilities exposed in acidic environment.
F22 is a low alloy steel that typically contains 12% Carbon, 2.25% Chromium, and 1.0% Molybdenum1. This steel has been widely used in oil production systems, especially in well head design and construction. As a low alloy steel, F22 can be corroded by oilfield chemicals under certain circumstances. For example, it was observed in the Gulf of Mexico that typical scale inhibitor chemistries caused severe corrosion on F22.
Although organic corrosion inhibitors have been widely applied in the energy industry, many details regarding their protection mechanism remain unknown. For example, a corrosion inhibitor adsorbs on the clean steel/aqueous solution interface, driven by electrostatic interaction. With the corrosion productlayer formed, how would the inhibitor adsorption interact with the corrosion product nucleation and precipitation? What is the effect of pre-corrosion in inhibitor testing?
Several components in geothermal power plants need to be protected from the environment due to the corrosive nature of geothermal fluids used to generate the energy. Depending on the fluid properties for any location, the type of protection varies. In geothermal power plants, wear, erosion, corrosion, and scaling are all known problems1. These issues can lead to a variety of outcomes, ranging from decreased plant efficiency to upstream component failure. Failure of a component is thus a significant challenge in the geothermal industry, where materials need to operate in high temperature and high pressure environments. A major cost factor is also linked to the drilling of geothermal wells, where cost rises due to increased depth/distance of drilling, increased trip times, higher high temperature and high-pressure conditions which can lead to increased wear and corrosion of the materials. To address the issue, coatings can be considered to be a potential solution to extend the service life of downhole equipment.
Development of linings for high temperature, high-pressure applications present a number of special challenges. Challenges include chemical resistance, abrasion resistance, adhesion under cycling temperature and pressure conditions, flexibility, application properties, as well as resistance to pressure and temperature.