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This paper compares and contrasts the accelerated laboratory autoclave (NACE TM0185) performance at 300°F (149°C), and 250 psig, of eight polycyclamine cured epoxy linings. The latter were tested for tank, vessel and pipe spool applications in the oil and gas industry. Five of the linings were commercially available and three were experimental. A modified amine cured epoxy was also evaluated in the study, a lining used to transport shale oil in railcars at temperatures up to 200°F (93°C).
This paper compares and contrasts the accelerated laboratory autoclave (NACE TM0185) performance at 300°F (149°C), and 250 psig, of eight polycyclamine cured epoxy linings. The latter were tested for tank, vessel and pipe spool applications in the oil and gas industry. Five of the linings were commercially available and three were experimental. A modified amine cured epoxy was also evaluated in the study, a lining used to transport shale oil in railcars at temperatures up to 200°F (93°C). The hydrocarbon media employed in the testing was neither conventional nor unconventional crude, but rather the third “crude oil” kind, namely shale oil and it was obtained from the Bakken shale play. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, immersion and adhesion testing, and visual inspection were used to evaluate the high temperature resistance, barrier properties and adhesion to carbon steel panels of two-coat thin film epoxy systems, and single coat, solvent free epoxy lining systems. A case history is provided for a single coat epoxy lining used for transporting shale oil in railcars.
Coal tar enamel provides an extremely long service life, under the right conditions. The Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation) has observed more than 80 years of corrosion protection at facilities such as Hoover Dam. The coal tar enamel linings in penstocks and outlet works that are buried, encased, or in tunnels maintain excellent condition with minor damage. However, when temperature fluctuates between hot and cold, the enamel is stressed and develops alligator cracking.
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A novel evaluation technique, based on an artificial pit electrode, has been developed for inhibitor studies. The first example is of three generic inhibitors, against localised corrosion. The second is of three industrial inhibitors against existing localised corrosion on a north sea production platform
Hot dip galvanizing steel articles after fabrication is one of the most widely used methods to provide corrosion protection. As a final step in the process, the hot dip galvanized coating is inspected for compliance with specifications. Correct measurement techniques and accurate interpretation of the results are necessary to provide an acceptable hot dip galvanized coating.