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Martensitic stainless steel (UNS S41000), austenitic stainless steel (UNS S31000), and nickel-basedalloys (UNS N06625) specimens were exposed at 450°C and 7.6 MPa in pure supercritical CO2 (sCO2)for a total of seven months. The exposure was performed in order to assess the effect of variousparameters on the oxidation of materials that may be used in oxy-combustion gas turbine systemsusing sCO2. Materials and environment parameters such as composition, pressure and temperaturehave been covered in the literature. However, engineering design will result in atypical conditions,usually localized, that are well known to affect environmental performance of materials (such ascrevices, welds, stresses, or galvanic coupling). As a result of those atypical conditions, other types offailure that have not been studied in those conditions may occur, such as stress corrosion cracking, orcrevice corrosion. Some of those failures resulting from engineering design are being presented in thispaper.All martensitic stainless steel specimens (plain, welded, or coupled) had a matt black surface finishafter the two months exposure. The austenitic stainless steel and the nickel alloy were both discoloredafter the exposure. Mass gain density inspection of the specimen was performed before and afterexposure. The highest mass gain density was found for the martensitic stainless steel (0.5 mg/cm2),while it was close to the minimum measurable for the austenitic stainless steel and nickel alloy. Themass gain rate density decreased significantly after the first 2 months exposure from 0.35 to less than0.1 μg/(hr·cm2) from the fourth months onward. The welded specimens of martensitic and austeniticstainless steels showed mass gain densities up to 50% higher than for the non-welded specimens. Themass gain densities of the coupled materials (galvanic coupling or similar crevice coupling) were notdifferent from that of the single specimens but significant corrosion bonding was observed in allcouples.
The Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Corrosion Test Facility is equipped with 3 high-temperature, high-pressure vessels and a gas-phase Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) for simultaneous in situ monitoring of key contaminants. This paper outlines the capabilities of this new National Institute of Standards and Technology facility.
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