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Cathodic protection within narrow gaps of offshore wind turbine foundations

Product Number: 51320-14750-SG

Author: David Buxton, Petra Ernst, Gareth John, Tom Wewer

Publication Date: 2020

$20.00

Cathodic protection (CP) is routinely applied to the external surfaces of offshore wind turbine monopile foundations to minimize corrosion. When the monopile internals are free-flooding, and therefore also exposed to oxygenated seawater, again, cathodic protection may be applied. In cases of unplanned water exchange through cable entry seals, a small additional surface area, in a gap between the seal and the ‘cable entry hole’ through the steel monopile is then exposed to flowing seawater. Cathodic protection calculations were undertaken to assess whether protection (either applied externally or externally and internally) could penetrate into the small gap and prevent corrosion.

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CerMet Coatings for Brake Discs

Product Number: 51324-21019-SG

Author: Alessandro Piglione; Nicola Nocera; Simone Biondo; Andrea Bonfanti; Alessandro Mancini

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

CerMet coatings for brake discs are considered a most promising technological solution to reduce brake particle emissions. In this work, two CerMet coatings, fabricated using either laser metal deposition (LMD) or high-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spraying, are deposited onto full-scale brake discs and extensively characterised. It is shown that both coatings lead to marked improvements in surface hardness and corrosion resistance compared to conventional uncoated grey cast iron brake discs. In addition, both coatings are shown to induce significant reductions in particle emission levels as measured via specific brake tests on dynamometric benches. This study therefore demonstrates that CerMet coatings represent a valuable solution to reduce brake particle emissions, while increasing the expected service life of brake discs via a combination of enhanced wear and corrosion resistance.

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CFRP Reinforcement Anode For Cathodic Protection Of Steel Rebar

Product Number: 51322-17877-SG

Author: Xavier Hallopeau, Olivier Lesieutre, Camille Annede-Villeau

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Only a few researchers have studied the effect of carbon fiber repair on corrosion processes. The main protective effect is the "protective barrier" which is sometimes called passive protection against corrosion, comparable to some techniques such as anticorrosion coatings of concrete structures. Indeed, CFRP materials, applied as external reinforcing material on reinforced concrete structures form a protective barrier against the penetration of moisture and pollutants such as chlorides or carbon dioxide.^1.2.3.4.5 Apart from this impermeable barrier action, it has been found in these studies that the confinement of CFRP concrete has a positive influence on the onset of corrosion and on its velocity. Very little research has investigated the coupling between mechanical reinforcement and impressed current system.^6,7,8

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Challenges and Insights behind Qualifying a Protective Coating as a Corrosion under Insulation Preventive Coating

Product Number: 51324-20774-SG

Author: Jenny Natalie Manvik; Anders W. B. Skilbred; Sondre Volden; Svein Jacob Kaspersen

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Corrosion under insulation (CUI) poses a severe threat to many industries operating at elevated temperatures. One of the most used and most cost-effective methods to mitigate and prevent CUI is by the use of organic coatings. In the last decades the importance of CUI-preventive coatings has increased greatly, and standards for testing these coatings have been published and discussed. At the end of 2018 the ISO 19277 standard was published, forming the first internationally accepted standard for testing and qualifying coating systems for CUI protection. Over the last years an extensive amount of testing has been performed to test and qualify coating systems, but also to provide insight and knowledge about the correlations and differences between various CUI test methods. In this paper, we will present a variety of test results to show how complex it is to qualify coatings to prevent CUI occurring. How do we use the library of results we now have? What does it tell us about real life? Do the various standards give the same conclusions based on the results? Some questions will be answered, and some will be left open.

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Challenges and Solutions with Polymer, Polymer-Like Carbon, and Diamond-Like Carbon Coatings Against Geothermal Scaling and Corrosion

Product Number: 51323-18808-SG

Author: Manuel Marya, Virendra Singh, Alireza Zolfaghari

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Picture for Challenges and Solutions with Polymer, Polymer-Like Carbon, and Diamond-Like Carbon Coatings Against Geothermal Scaling and Corrosion Picture for Challenges and Solutions with Polymer, Polymer-Like Carbon, and Diamond-Like Carbon Coatings Against Geothermal Scaling and Corrosion.

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Challenges in Developing, Deploying, and Transforming Online Corrosion Management Dashboards

Product Number: 51320-14757-SG

Author: Sami M. Al-Ghamdi, Hendrik J. Debruyn, Ricardo S. Costa, Lay Seong Teh

Publication Date: 2020

$20.00

This paper discusses the journey Saudi Aramco took during the last decade to introduce the concept of an integrated CM and the associated digital challenges. The focus will be on the online Corrosion Management Dashboard (CMDB) development, deployment, maintenance, and finally transformation. The CMDB scope was recently shifted from monitoring the compliance of corrosion-related parameters to predict CM performance by using the combined effect of different parameters. However, with a void in CM digitalization mandate, effort may not be focused or they do not eventually achieve their full potential.

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Challenges in Microbial Monitoring of an Oil-Water Separation Facility

Product Number: MECC23-20123-SG

Author: Alexander Grigoryan

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Water-handling oil producing facilities often become target for microbial contamination because treated waters are not sterile – they are inhabited by various microorganisms and contain sufficient inorganic and organic nutrients to support microbial growth. The bacterial contamination and bioburden are to extravagate easily if environmental conditions in the facilities, for instance, moderate temperature (<45C) and salinity (<50 g/l TDS), favor microorganisms. Growing bacterial population distributes along the system and forms biofilms on the surfaces of pipelines, valves, vessels, tanks, etc. Such spreading of free-floating (planktonic) and sessile (biofilm) bacteria in industrial systems is referred to as biofouling.

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Challenges Of Mitigating AC Interference Risks In A 107 Km Multi-Pipeline Corridor

Product Number: 51322-17949-SG

Author: Wolfgang Fieltsch, Paul Murray

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

This case study involves an NPS 36, 107 km long pipeline (Pipeline A) installed in 2016. The subject pipeline is collocated with an NPS 30 pipeline constructed in 1999 (Pipeline B), for the entire route, and two additional pipelines near the start of its route (Pipelines C and D), all owned by the same operator.

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Changing The Landscape Of Thermal Insulation Coatings

Product Number: 51322-18201-SG

Author: Jeremy Daum, Neil Wilds

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Thermal insulation is a material that restricts the flow of heat. Heat spontaneously flows from a high temperature region to a low temperature region, and the greatest heat flow occurs through the path of least resistance. For this reason, thermal insulation is used as a barrier between two bodies at different temperatures either to reduce heat loss from the hotter body or to reduce heat entry into the cooler body.

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Characterization And Further Development Of Austenitic Stainless Steel UNS S20910 Towards New Industrial Applications

Product Number: 51322-17648-SG

Author: Clara Herrera, Merlin Seifert, Helmuth Sarmiento Klapper, Julia Ditmann

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

UNS S20910¹, also known as XM-19 by ASTM A276², is a nitrogen-strengthened austenitic stainless steel with high strength and excellent corrosion resistance. Besides nitrogen (N) it also contains higher amounts of chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), manganese (Mn), and a similar molybdenum (Mo) content compared with UNS S31603, as well as small additions of niobium (Nb) and vanadium (V). High contents of Cr, Mo and N confer this stainless steel high localized corrosion resistance. Mo, Mn and Cr increase the nitrogen solubility in iron alloys.

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Characterization of 304 Stainless Steel Crack Tips Exhibiting High Temperature Retardation in Deaerated Water

Product Number: ED22-18392-SG

Author: Robert Morris, Tyler Moss, David Morton, Kevin Fisher

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Understanding and mitigating stress corrosion cracking (SCC) in stainless steels used in light water reactors is important, and experimental efforts to characterize this behavior have been performed over the last several decades. While SCC growth has been shown to follow an Arrhenius temperature functionality, a departure from this functionality has been observed due to high temperature SCC growth rate retardation (HTR). This paper characterizes observed trends between different cold work levels and temperature effects on cracking behavior and crack tip morphologies in 304 stainless steel.

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Characterization Of Grain Boundary Cavity Evolution During Long-Term Crack Initiation Testing Of Cold Worked Alloy 690 In Simulated PWR Primary Water

Product Number: ED22-17324-SG

Author: Ziqing Zhai, Mychailo Toloczko, Stephen Bruemmer

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Determining the resistance of high-Cr Ni-base Alloy 690 to environmental degradation during long-term pressurized water reactor (PWR) exposure is needed to confirm its viability as the replacement material for Alloy 600 and help establish a quantitative factor of improvement for stress corrosion crack (SCC) initiation. SCC initiation testing on cold-worked (CW) Alloy 600 materials in PWR primary water has demonstrated that intergranular (IG) attack is the precursor to SCC initiation in this material. In comparison, an equivalent degradation and cracking process does not exist in CW Alloy 690.

Online Conference Paper

Association for Materials Protection and Performance