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Influence of Operating Temperature on the Corrosion of UNS S30400 Steel under Catalytic Hydrodeoxygenation of Pyrolysis Oil by Supercritical Ethanol with In-situ Hydrogen Source

Picture for Influence of Operating Temperature on the Corrosion of UNS S30400 Steel under Catalytic Hydrodeoxygenation of Pyrolysis Oil by Supercritical Ethanol with In-situ Hydrogen Source
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Bio-oils are renewable and clean energy sources, which can be used to partial or completely replace fossil fuel. Fast pyrolysis is a promising and by far the only industrially realized approach to convert dry biomass into biofuels, particularly the liquid bio-oils. However, the poor quality of fast pyrolysis oil including thermal instability, high viscosity and acidity, high oxygen and water content, and low heating value makes it hard to be directly used as transportation fuels.

Product Number: 51323-19012-SG
Author: Mingyuan Zhang, Minkang Liu, Xue Han, Yimin Zeng, Chunbao Xu
Publication Date: 2023
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$20.00
$20.00

Catalytic hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) is a promising approach to upgrade crude pyrolysis oil to achieve the ambitious target of partial or complete replacement of fossil fuel with bio-oil. Our recent study indicates that formic acid is an alternative in-situ hydrogen source to effectively improve oil properties for final application and significantly reduce cost and safety concerns compared to using high pressure H2 gas. In this work, corrosion of UNS S30400 (a candidate reactor constructional steel) was investigated under the catalytic HDO of crude pyrolysis oil by supercritical ethanol and formic acid in the temperature range of 80 to 350 °C to simulate the commercialization of the developed HDO technology. After 10 cycles exposure, the corrosion rate of the steel was evaluated using direct weight change and weight loss measurements. The formed corrosion products were examined with modern characterization techniques (SEM, EDS, XRD) to advance the corrosion mechanism.

Catalytic hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) is a promising approach to upgrade crude pyrolysis oil to achieve the ambitious target of partial or complete replacement of fossil fuel with bio-oil. Our recent study indicates that formic acid is an alternative in-situ hydrogen source to effectively improve oil properties for final application and significantly reduce cost and safety concerns compared to using high pressure H2 gas. In this work, corrosion of UNS S30400 (a candidate reactor constructional steel) was investigated under the catalytic HDO of crude pyrolysis oil by supercritical ethanol and formic acid in the temperature range of 80 to 350 °C to simulate the commercialization of the developed HDO technology. After 10 cycles exposure, the corrosion rate of the steel was evaluated using direct weight change and weight loss measurements. The formed corrosion products were examined with modern characterization techniques (SEM, EDS, XRD) to advance the corrosion mechanism.

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Laboratory Evaluation of Scale Inhibitors Used in OTSG Boilers for Control of Silica Related Scale

Product Number: 51323-18761-SG
Author: Dong Shen, Kung-Po Chao, Swamy Margan
Publication Date: 2023
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The production of heavy oil or bitumen depends upon continuous steam injection to fluidize the oil in the formation. Most of the boilers used in steam generation to enhance oil production are gas-powered once-through-steam-generation (OTSG), because OTSG’s can tolerate hard water and are relatively easy to maintain. Since an approximate 80% of feedwater is vaporized in a single pass, silica/silicate scales could form in the OTSG boiler if the silica content in the feedwater is not well controlled.
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Laboratory Synthesis and Performance Evaluation of A Phosphonate-type Scale Inhibitor

Product Number: 51323-18784-SG
Author: Shaohua Chen, Tianping Huang, Tao Chen
Publication Date: 2023
$20.00

Scaling is an important factor affecting oilfield production. The main reasons for scale formation are usually either the mixing of incompatible waters in production flow systems, for example, a formation of brine and seawater injected for maintaining downhole pressure, or changing the
reservoir conditions such as temperature, pressure, and brine pH, among others1,2. Carbonate scaling is dependent upon the equilibrium between bicarbonate, carbonate, and carbon dioxide relative to changes in the temperature and pressure3,4. Scale can deposit on almost any surface,
so that, once a scale layer is formed, it will continue to become thicker unless treated. Scale can block pore throats in the near-well bore region or in the well itself, causing formation damage and loss of well productivity.
Picture for Contribution to the Understanding of Hydrogen Stress Cracking Initiation and Propagation in Nickel Based Alloys
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Contribution to the Understanding of Hydrogen Stress Cracking Initiation and Propagation in Nickel Based Alloys

Product Number: 51323-18873-SG
Author: Bruce Cowe, Flavien Vucko, Hervé Marchebois, Laurent Ponson
Publication Date: 2023
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This paper presents work in follow-up to the previous study. It is focused on UNS1 N07718, UNS N09925, UNS N07725 and UNS N09946. A series of incremental step load tests of compact tensile specimens were conducted to measure the fracture toughness during testing and cracking was monitored by the Electric Crack Growth Monitoring technique. A new engineering technique, referred to as statistical fractography, was used to investigate the fracture surface morphology and extract from it the fracture properties of the alloys.
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