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Austenitic stainless steels are susceptible to caustic stress corrosion cracking (SCC) above 121°C. When sulfides are present in caustic solutions the SCC has been reported to occur at lower temperatures. This paper discusses a study of the role of sulfide in caustic solutions on SCC of austenitic stainless at T=~50°C.
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Assessment of sigma phase embrittlement in austenitic stainless steels such as Type 304H, commonly used in fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) units. Other austenitic stainless steels used in other refining process units are also discussed. The detection and measuring of the amount of sigma phase were made using metallography.
Proper heat treatment on stainless steel (SS) heat exchanger tubes is very important to obtain the expected stress corrosion cracking (SCC) and corrosion resistance of the material. This paper will discuss three recent issues that have arisen on this topic.
Electrochemical and slow strain rate tests were done to demonstrate the protective ability of a thermal sprayed aluminum coating to prevent chloride stress corrosion cracking of TP304L SS in aqueous chloride solutions. Mitigation methods.
This paper presents the role of non-magnetic stainless steels' chemical composition on pitting corrosion susceptibility in chloride-containing solutions at different temperatures. Pitting and repassivation potentials of several grades were measured.
A laboratory study was performed by exposing seven candidate heat exchanger alloys to simulated 2 (sCO2) Brayton power cycles. The alloys, consisting of fineirtriaitilcly s 3te.6e%ls ,O austenitic stainless steels, and nickel-base alloys, were exposed to impure CO2 containing 2 and 5.3% H2O at a constant pressure of 200 bar.
Case study: Cracking occurred in a (UNS S32100) type austenitic stainless steel nozzle fitting at a low point in the reactor effluent piping in a Gasoil Hydrotreater unit following start up. Normal preventive measures had been taken. The failed sample was removed for metallurgical analysis and determination of mechanism(s).
Exposure tests were performed at normal and high pressure where CO2 is supercritical or in dense phase. The focus was set on the corrosion process of condensate as drops on the surface of carbon steels in CO2 with impurities at 278 K
This paper explains the most common damage mechanisms of high temperature alloys in radiant section such as creep/carburization, thermal fatigue/carburization, and thermal shock.
Autoclave tests were performed in CO₂, O₂, and H₂O at 8 MPa at 50°C and 245°C, (heat exchanger operating conditions). Results show significant corrosion in a pressure / temperature region where H₂O saturated with CO₂ condenses on the coupons.
Critical pitting temperature (CPT) for UNS S31266 was compared to UNS S31254 with the newly developed electrochemical method, modified ASTMG150 developed by K. Lund et al., using 3M magnesium chloride (MgCl2) instead of 1M sodium chloride (NaCl).