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51318-10630-Impact of Pitting Corrosion on the Benefit of Shot Peening

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Specimens of 12Cr martensitic stainless were annealed, tempered and shot-peened – then artificially pitted. Through a variety of tests, it was determined that the advantages of shot-peening are mostly retained after pitting.

 

Product Number: 51318-10630-SG
Author: A. Turnbull / S. Zhou
Publication Date: 2018
Industry: Science of Corrosion
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Shot peening is used in many industrial applications, e.g. steam turbine blades, to induce near-surface compressive residual stresses and reduce the likelihood of failure by fatigue, corrosion fatigue and stress corrosion cracking. On the whole, shot peening has proven to be very successful in increasing the life of structures and components. However, the depth of the compressive stress layer is typically only about 250 μm and this poses the question as to the retained benefit when corrosion pits develop to varying depth. In the first stage to addressing this issue we show that the fatigue limit of a 12 Cr martensitic stainless steel turbine blade material tested in air at varying pit depths, ranging from 50 μm to 320 μm, was still significantly enhanced by shot peening even for the maximum depth studied. Complementary measurement of the crack propagation rate from a corrosion pit showed that the propagation rate was retarded by the near-surface compressive stress for crack depths up to 0.9 mm, well beyond the depth of the compressive layer. Serial sectioning to identify the loci of crack initiation sites yielded the unexpected result that crack development occurred preferentially away from the pit base, especially for the smaller pit depths.

Key words: pitting, shot peening, fatigue

Shot peening is used in many industrial applications, e.g. steam turbine blades, to induce near-surface compressive residual stresses and reduce the likelihood of failure by fatigue, corrosion fatigue and stress corrosion cracking. On the whole, shot peening has proven to be very successful in increasing the life of structures and components. However, the depth of the compressive stress layer is typically only about 250 μm and this poses the question as to the retained benefit when corrosion pits develop to varying depth. In the first stage to addressing this issue we show that the fatigue limit of a 12 Cr martensitic stainless steel turbine blade material tested in air at varying pit depths, ranging from 50 μm to 320 μm, was still significantly enhanced by shot peening even for the maximum depth studied. Complementary measurement of the crack propagation rate from a corrosion pit showed that the propagation rate was retarded by the near-surface compressive stress for crack depths up to 0.9 mm, well beyond the depth of the compressive layer. Serial sectioning to identify the loci of crack initiation sites yielded the unexpected result that crack development occurred preferentially away from the pit base, especially for the smaller pit depths.

Key words: pitting, shot peening, fatigue

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