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Development Of The NACE “MR-01-75” And NACE “TM-01-77” Standards: Part I – Field Observations And Metallurgical Factors

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This is Part I of a two-part series intended to provide background and a rational justification or supporting rationale for requirements leading to the development and publication of NACE(1) MR 0175 and ISO(2) 15156. Part I focuses on some of the metallurgical and processing requirements; specifically, Rockwell C 22 scale (HRC) limit, the various acceptable heat treatments and the 1wt% Ni limit for carbon and low alloy steels to minimize the threat of sulfide stress cracking (SSC) in H2S containing environments. Part II describes the testing and rationale behind the use of accelerated laboratory test procedures and their development to differentiate metallurgical behavior in sour environments.

Product Number: 51322-17525-SG
Author: Eric C. Caldwell, Brent W.A Sherar, Peter F. Ellis II, Russell D. Kane
Publication Date: 2022
Industry: Coatings
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This is Part I of a two-part series intended to narrate the “lost” history leading up to the publication of the first Material Requirement (MR 0175) standard prepared by NACE (now AMPP) and its subsequent auxiliary standards. Part I covers field observations and describe the metallurgical issues the that were being investigated in support of NACE T-1B and 1F committees to develop a sour service materials standard. Part II focuses on the rationale behind the use of accelerated laboratory test procedures and their development used for accelerated testing to differentiate metallurgical behavior in sour environments at near atmospheric pressure. The original SSC test methodologies would later be codified as a Test Method in NACE TM 0177 (1977).

A review of the historical events culminating in NACE MR 0175 will provide a technical basis for the Rockwell C 22 (HRC 22) hardness limit for carbon and low alloy steels, information on the 1%Ni restriction, and heat treatment requirements. By recalling the origins of the MR0175 standard, these papers will also provide justification for their continued existence when designing modern, oil and gas wells and flowlines. As the oil and gas industry continues to innovate and mature, it is imperative to maintain knowledge of the origins of the NACE MR 0175 standard and its intended purpose.

This is Part I of a two-part series intended to narrate the “lost” history leading up to the publication of the first Material Requirement (MR 0175) standard prepared by NACE (now AMPP) and its subsequent auxiliary standards. Part I covers field observations and describe the metallurgical issues the that were being investigated in support of NACE T-1B and 1F committees to develop a sour service materials standard. Part II focuses on the rationale behind the use of accelerated laboratory test procedures and their development used for accelerated testing to differentiate metallurgical behavior in sour environments at near atmospheric pressure. The original SSC test methodologies would later be codified as a Test Method in NACE TM 0177 (1977).

A review of the historical events culminating in NACE MR 0175 will provide a technical basis for the Rockwell C 22 (HRC 22) hardness limit for carbon and low alloy steels, information on the 1%Ni restriction, and heat treatment requirements. By recalling the origins of the MR0175 standard, these papers will also provide justification for their continued existence when designing modern, oil and gas wells and flowlines. As the oil and gas industry continues to innovate and mature, it is imperative to maintain knowledge of the origins of the NACE MR 0175 standard and its intended purpose.

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Picture for Development Of The NACE “MR-01-75” And NACE “TM-01-77” Standards: Part II – Accelerated Material Qualification Testing In Sour Environments At Near Atmospheric Pressure
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Development Of The NACE “MR-01-75” And NACE “TM-01-77” Standards: Part II – Accelerated Material Qualification Testing In Sour Environments At Near Atmospheric Pressure

Product Number: 51322-17516-SG
Author: Brent W.A. Sherar, Eric Caldwell, Peter F. Ellis II, Russell D. Kane
Publication Date: 2022
$20.00

This paper is Part II of a two-part series intended to narrate the history, some of which has been forgotten over time, leading up to the publication of the first Material Requirement (MR-01-75) standard prepared by NACE and its subsequent auxiliary standards. Previously, Part I1 described the field observations and discussed the metallurgical factors that were being investigated by the historical NACE T-1B and 1F committees to support the development a “harmonized” sour service materials standard. In Part II, we focus on the rationale behind the use of accelerated laboratory test procedures and their development to differentiate metallurgical behavior in sour environments.
Picture for Design Of Sour Service Material: Combining Metallurgical Design, Laboratory And Full Scale Testing Towards A Novel High Strength Sour Service Material
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Design Of Sour Service Material: Combining Metallurgical Design, Laboratory And Full Scale Testing Towards A Novel High Strength Sour Service Material

Product Number: 51322-17615-SG
Author: Michel PIETTE, Florian THEBAULT, John FORTAILLIER, Livia-Raquel CUPERTINO-MALHEIROS
Publication Date: 2022
$20.00

During the last decades, low alloyed steels with improved resistance to Sulfide Stress Cracking (SSC) have been developed for covering specific applications as heavy wall casings1 or expandable tubings2 or for reaching higher mechanical properties, such as 125 ksi Specified Minimum Yield Strength (SMYS) materials.3-6 For the latter, relevant sour environments for developed grades are mild, meaning that all sour applications cannot be covered while a strong interest exists for O&G operators to use high strength materials when designing wells. Consequently, there is an incentive to push the limits of use of high strength sour service steels by enhancing their resistance to SSC. Several recommendations were already published when designing high strength sour service grades: hardness level shall be limited as much as possible and be preferentially below 22 HRC7, microstructure shall present a minimum required amount of martensite8 which is well known to be ideal for combining high mechanical properties and high resistance to hydrogen. Besides, many authors highlighted some other influencing parameters related to the material or the process.
Picture for Downhole Sour Corrosion And Scale Deposition In Oil Wells
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Downhole Sour Corrosion And Scale Deposition In Oil Wells

Product Number: 51322-17694-SG
Author: Tao Chen, Frank Chang, Feng Liang, Steven Hochanadel
Publication Date: 2022
$20.00

Sour corrosion and iron sulphide scale deposition are two common flow assurance issues encountered in oilfields. Sour oil wells typically produce crude along with produced water and a significant amount of acidic gases such as carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide. The high pressure and temperature conditions under the downhole tend to cause severe corrosion damage including metal loss and pitting, along with iron sulphide scale deposition. Iron sulfide deposition in sour wells is a corrosion induced scale problem. It potentially causes production decline, restricted well intervention, well shutdown, or even severe consequences towards to the abandoned wells.
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