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Development Of An Efficient MIC Mitigation And Control Strategy In Pipelline Pigging Operations

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An operating company was concerned that its biocide and corrosion mitigation strategy was not sufficient to control corrosion in their pigging operations across the Gulf Coast of Texas. They provided water samples from several pigging access points that were heavily contaminated with SRBs, APBs, black deposits and oil. H2S was present in most of the samples suggesting a heavy presence of SRBs. They suspected that the black deposits were most likely FeS caused by the presence of microorganisms interacting with their pipelines. Indeed, culture vial tests (sometimes referred to as “bug bottles”) proved that the samples were heavily contaminated with microorganisms.

Product Number: 51322-17632-SG
Author: David Armstrong, Hejian Sun, Yuxiu Liu, Patrick Powell
Publication Date: 2022
Industry: Corrosion Monitoring and Control
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Eleven fluid samples, taken in two groups from pipeline pigging operations in the Texas Gulf Coast region were used in this study. All of the samples contained high amounts of Iron Sulfide (FeS), Sulfate Reducing Bacteria (SRB), and Acid Producing Bactera (APB) and were producing varying amounts of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). These pipelines had historically been treated with increasing amounts of glutaraldehyde and glut/quat blends, to no avail. Increasing problems associated with microbiological activity (biofilm, corrosion, FeS, H2S) required a revised treatment regime.

The first part of this study was undertaken in order to determine a successful biocidal treatment program that would address both the planktonic and, if necessary, the sessile bacterial populations in the pipelines. Due to the perceived induced resistance to glutaraldehyde and the dirty water conditions in the pipelines, alternative dosing regimens and additional biocides were considered including tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium sulfate (THPS), tributyl tetradecyl phosphonium chloride (TTPC), aldehydes, and cocodiamines.

The second part of the study sought to determine how to link these findings to the general and localized corrosion caused by biological activity. A corrosion inhibitor package was developed that was compatible with the customer’s formulations and the recommended biocidal treatment program.

Finally, the third part of this study combined these treatments and evaluated their biocidal and corrosion inhibition efficacies on carbon steel coupons in the presence of fluids and solids.

A biocidal treatment and corrosion inhibition program are inherently intertwined and a successful treatment program must combine elements of both fields of study.

Eleven fluid samples, taken in two groups from pipeline pigging operations in the Texas Gulf Coast region were used in this study. All of the samples contained high amounts of Iron Sulfide (FeS), Sulfate Reducing Bacteria (SRB), and Acid Producing Bactera (APB) and were producing varying amounts of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). These pipelines had historically been treated with increasing amounts of glutaraldehyde and glut/quat blends, to no avail. Increasing problems associated with microbiological activity (biofilm, corrosion, FeS, H2S) required a revised treatment regime.

The first part of this study was undertaken in order to determine a successful biocidal treatment program that would address both the planktonic and, if necessary, the sessile bacterial populations in the pipelines. Due to the perceived induced resistance to glutaraldehyde and the dirty water conditions in the pipelines, alternative dosing regimens and additional biocides were considered including tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium sulfate (THPS), tributyl tetradecyl phosphonium chloride (TTPC), aldehydes, and cocodiamines.

The second part of the study sought to determine how to link these findings to the general and localized corrosion caused by biological activity. A corrosion inhibitor package was developed that was compatible with the customer’s formulations and the recommended biocidal treatment program.

Finally, the third part of this study combined these treatments and evaluated their biocidal and corrosion inhibition efficacies on carbon steel coupons in the presence of fluids and solids.

A biocidal treatment and corrosion inhibition program are inherently intertwined and a successful treatment program must combine elements of both fields of study.

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Picture for Understanding the Effect of Pigging and Corrosion Inhibitor Injection on Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion of Carbon Steel Pipelines
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Understanding the Effect of Pigging and Corrosion Inhibitor Injection on Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion of Carbon Steel Pipelines

Product Number: 51319-13103-SG
Author: Jaspreet Mand
Publication Date: 2019
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Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) is a persistent problem for many oil and gas production operations. Carbon steel pipelines are particularly susceptible to biofilm formation by microorganisms which consequently threatens the integrity of these lines. Although MIC within pipelines is challenging to mitigate it is generally accepted that pigging a mechanical cleaning process that removes water oil scales and solids from the pipeline surface is an effective method to control biofilm formation. However not all pipelines can be effectively pigged to counter biofilm development. In many cases partially removed or unremoved biofilms are exposed to continuously injected film-forming corrosion inhibitors (CI) which are used to mitigate acid gas corrosion in pipelines.To date the individual and combined effects of pigging and CI injection on biofilm formation and subsequent corrosion has not been well-studied.To this end corrosive consortia consisting of sulfate-reducing bacteria and methanogenic archaea were grown as biofilms on carbon steel coupons under defined laboratory conditions. Biofilms were grown for a period of 3 weeks in order to establish base (unmitigated) MIC rates. Once biofilms were established the coupons were exposed to one of the following corrosion mitigation treatments: (1) simulated pigging using a wire brush (2) exposure to a CI-containing medium or (3) a combination of both. Biofilms were incubated for an additional 6 weeks following these treatments to allow for biofilm regrowth. The impact of these treatments on the resulting MIC rates was evaluated by comparing the weight loss corrosion rates and localized pitting corrosion of the carbon steel coupons. Additionally qPCR and 16S rRNA gene sequencing were used to enumerate and identify the different corrosive microbial communities that developed on the coupons following the different treatments. Fundamentally different effects of corrosion inhibitors on MIC were observed depending on whether these chemicals were applied to a pre-formed biofilm or to mechanically cleaned steel surfaces.
Picture for BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF CHEMICAL TREATMENT AND MAINTENANCE PIGGING PROGRAMS IN RETURNING PIPELINE TO P
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51312-01098-BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF CHEMICAL TREATMENT AND MAINTENANCE PIGGING PROGRAMS IN RETURNING PIPELINE TO P

Product Number: 51312-01098-SG
ISBN: 01098 2012 CP
Author: Daniel E. Powell
Publication Date: 2012
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Picture for 03563 MIC OF STAINLESS STEEL PIPES IN SEWAGE
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03563 MIC OF STAINLESS STEEL PIPES IN SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS

Product Number: 51300-03563-SG
ISBN: 03563 2003 CP
Author: T. Mathiesen, E. Rislund, T.S. Nielsen, J.E. Frantsen
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