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51318-10954-A comparison of the structure and consumption rate for Centrifugally cast Anodes compared with die-cast Anodes

Picture for A comparison of the structure and consumption rate for Centrifugally cast Anodes compared with die-cast Anodes
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This paper will discuss, examine, and conclude on the metallurgical differences and effectiveness between the centrifugal-cast silicon iron tubular anode and Die-cast silicon iron tubular anode based on the research and testing performed and reported by Independent Laboratory Testing.

Product Number: 51318-10954-SG
Author: Chris D. Jennings
Publication Date: 2018
Industry: Cathodic Protection
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$20.00
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The silicon iron anodes used in impressed current cathodic protection are manufactured using three different casting methods: The centrifugal method, the die-cast method, and the sand-cast method. The sand-cast method is restricted to the production of stick anodes; therefore, for the purposes of this research, the centrifugal-cast method and die-cast method will be analysed and assessed. These two manufacturing methods results in anodes with differing microstructures of the casting that can lead to variations in the expected life of the anode. This paper will discuss, examine, and conclude on the metallurgical differences and effectiveness between the centrifugal-cast silicon iron tubular anode and Die-cast silicon iron tubular anode based on the research and testing performed and reported by Independent Laboratory Testing. Analysis of the microstructure and formation of the graphite structure will confirm that the centrifugal casting method results in a more superior structure of the anode matrix which results in a longer working life for the anode. The testing carried out to compare the centrifugally-cast and die-cast anodes include: relative density tests, accelerated corrosion tests in in 35% Hydrochloric acid solution, 10% nitric acid solution, and a 3% sodium chloride solution, and lastly Potentiodynamic testing to American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) 59(1) standards.

 

Key words:

Centrifugal cast method / Die cast method / The Binary Equilibrium Diagram / Metallography and Measurement of Relative Density / Potentiodynamic Testing Method / Hydrochloric Acid Immersion Test / The Stern –Geary equation / Effect of Passivation in Nitric Acid

 

The silicon iron anodes used in impressed current cathodic protection are manufactured using three different casting methods: The centrifugal method, the die-cast method, and the sand-cast method. The sand-cast method is restricted to the production of stick anodes; therefore, for the purposes of this research, the centrifugal-cast method and die-cast method will be analysed and assessed. These two manufacturing methods results in anodes with differing microstructures of the casting that can lead to variations in the expected life of the anode. This paper will discuss, examine, and conclude on the metallurgical differences and effectiveness between the centrifugal-cast silicon iron tubular anode and Die-cast silicon iron tubular anode based on the research and testing performed and reported by Independent Laboratory Testing. Analysis of the microstructure and formation of the graphite structure will confirm that the centrifugal casting method results in a more superior structure of the anode matrix which results in a longer working life for the anode. The testing carried out to compare the centrifugally-cast and die-cast anodes include: relative density tests, accelerated corrosion tests in in 35% Hydrochloric acid solution, 10% nitric acid solution, and a 3% sodium chloride solution, and lastly Potentiodynamic testing to American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) 59(1) standards.

 

Key words:

Centrifugal cast method / Die cast method / The Binary Equilibrium Diagram / Metallography and Measurement of Relative Density / Potentiodynamic Testing Method / Hydrochloric Acid Immersion Test / The Stern –Geary equation / Effect of Passivation in Nitric Acid

 

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