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Implementation of classification and certification programs for durable industrial and infrastructure maintenance coating systems is hindered by a lack of test protocols to reliably accelerate the aging process and estimate service lifetime. This gap in the industry also hurts development efforts toreformulate or add new color choices to existing product lines. The first problem can be addressed by performing long-term weathering testing at outdoor exposure sites in places like south Florida and Arizona, but the need to wait 5 or 10 years or longer to confirm a classification or certify a product makes such schemes difficult to implement and ultimately reduces their value.
In a study organized by the former SSPC C.1.8 subcommittee on fluoropolymer coatings, thirteen different coatings systems (some fluoropolymer-based, some in other common chemistries) in specifiedwhite, blue, red, and gray colors were exposed up to 8000 hours in three accelerated weathering chamber tests according to ASTM G154 and D7869, on outdoor sunlight concentrators according to ASTM G90, and under natural conditions in south Florida. The chamber testing was completed during 2019 and the results informed development of SSPC Paint 47, published at the end of 2020. Ongoing outdoor testing continues, and three year exposure data is available. This paper will provide correlation data between the outdoor Florida exposures and the four accelerated tests conducted for the SSPC study.
The Paint and Coatings industry uses accelerated testing to extrapolate performance in real world situations and ensure coating formulations will withstand the forces of nature and provide long-term durability. This paper will compare the performance data of the three most common accelerated exposure test methods: QUV-A (ASTM D 4587), Xenon Arc (ASTM D 6695), and EMMAQUA (ASTM D 4141) and correlate this data to the same systems exposed for 10 years in South Florida and in North Kansas City, Missouri.
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Since geothermal reservoirs are a feasible energy source to replace fossil fuel supply, many technologies have been developed to take advantage of geothermal energy. Nevertheless, due to the chemical composition of hydrothermal fluids and temperatures, service conditions in geothermal facilities are demanding in many cases in terms of corrosion. Therefore, materials selection based on preliminary material qualification is essential to guarantee a secure and reliable operation of the facilities.
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) are technologies aimed at capturing CO2, followed by transportation to a storage site and injection into one of several types of stable geological formations, to trap and prevent its subsequent emission. Though CO2 transport and injection for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) are known for over 40 years, new challenges arise when the CO2 source is anthropogenic, meaning with a human-cause origin and not natural (as in EOR). EU Directive 2009/31/EC states that CO2 streams from power stations or industrial plants "shall consist overwhelmingly of CO2" but may contain associated incidental substances (e.g., SOx, NOx, O2, H2S).