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A remarkable amount of financial loss is incurred every year because of premature failures of paints and coatings. The budget to repair such failures extremely outweighs the initial cost of coatings, since excessive engineering may be looked-for to access the deteriorating areas of a coating system. Additional accountability may also be anticipated if a facility stops operation for the essential repairs to be made.
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Coatings are a composite blend of raw ingredients that are mixed, applied to a prepared substrate, and dried and cured correctly to perform to their maximum capability. Failures and defects can appear themselves at numerous times in the life of a coating. Prior to application, they can take the shape of settlement and skinning, during application as runs and sags, shortly after application as solvent popping and orange peel, and during service as blistering and rust spotting. Therefore, it is not unexpected that those coatings can suffer from premature failure and/or exhibit defects that may or may not result in failure. Coatings nowadays are the most efficient method to shield metals and thus has been widely engaged among various protective techniques 1, 2.
Protective coatings are widely used for shielding metal surfaces against service-induced degradations. Immersion-grade coatings protect the metal surfaces by hindering the interaction of steel (i.e., substrate) with service thereby providing corrosion and even abrasion resistance. Coatings nowadays are the most efficient method to shield metals and thus has been widely engaged among various protective techniques.