AMPP Store - Products tagged with 'pipeline integrity'

Available for download

Decision Making Under Uncertain Erosion Conditions Using The Probabilistic Model

Product Number: 51322-17813-SG

Author: Guanlan Liu, Francois Ayello, Jose Vera, Richard Eckert

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Erosion is one of the major threats of the pipeline integrity1 when it’s transporting liquid hydrocarbon products with solid particles. The erosion process decreases the effective wall thickness and therefore reduces the capacity of the pipeline to contain the pressured product. This can induce serious consequences including property, health and safety, environment, and business costs.

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Detecting Hidden Integrity Threats Using CP Current In-Line Inspection Tools

Product Number: 51317--8883-SG

ISBN: 8883 2017 CP

Author: David Williams

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

This paper provides case histories from four (4) successful Cathodic Protection Current In-line Inspections (CPC-ILI). Details of the findings and actions taken by the clients are presented.

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Enhancing Cathodic Protection System Design and Operation Efficiency by Numerical Modeling

Product Number: MECC23-20032-SG

Author: Seonyeob Li; Ashwaq Al Jasmi; Sungwon Jung; Il Yoo; Omar El Sinnary; Kyeong-Wan Park

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Cathodic protection (CP) is a well-established technique that effectively prevents corrosion of metals by adjusting the equilibrium potential of metallic structures in an electronegative direction. As the applied current increases, it reduces the anodic dissolution rate, thus leading to a decrease in the corrosion rate. The effectiveness of CP can be confirmed by measuring the protection potential values along the structures, ensuring the uniformity of the applied current, and observing the resultant potential distribution in the field.

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Field-Testing Procedures on a Metallic Pipeline Collocated with an HVDC Powerline

Product Number: 51323-19035-SG

Author: Andrew Mackey, Alex Ristow

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Development of this strategy began after a steel pipeline, coated with Fusion Bonded Epoxy (FBE), was constructed in a collocated right-of-way (ROW) with a high voltage direct current (HVDC) Powerline. Area Cathodic Protection (CP) Technicians reported challenges in recording stable DC Pipe-to-Soil (P/S) Potentials due to rapid fluctuations observed in the DC waveform. In addition, CP technicians recorded DC line current concurrently with P/S potentials and found that there was a correlation between the two.

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ILI Validation – Overview And Case Studies

Product Number: 51322-18144-SG

Author: Ana Benz

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

The pipeline industry strives to keep pipelines running safely and reliably. The process involves many steps, specialized groups, and decisions:^{1, 2, 3}

1. The group that chooses the lines or segments to be inspected with in-line inspection (ILI). This work entails choosing the ILI tools for the anticipated integrity threat.

2. The ILI tool runs to detect and identify defects.

3. Maintenance, repair, and excavation digs.

4. The ILI validation.

5. Defect growth predictions and risk-based programs to establish maintenance and repair practices.

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Impact of Corrosion Growth on Effective Flaw Dimensions

Product Number: 51324-21001-SG

Author: Thomas A. Bubenik; Steven J. Polasik; Benjamin Hanna

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

This paper summarizes the results of a sensitivity study conducted on corrosion clusters on a steel pipeline, specifically (1) the change in cluster effective length as the individual anomalies that make up the cluster grow and (2) the effect of changes in effective length on the remaining life calculated using deterministic methods. Two growth scenarios are considered: clusters that grow at the same rate along the cluster versus clusters that grow at a depth-based corrosion growth rate (e.g., deeper areas grow faster than shallower areas). The study shows that, in both scenarios, the effective lengths of long clusters shrink with growth. Examples demonstrate the impact of the results for a semi-elliptically shaped anomaly. The change in effective length and the corresponding change in critical or maximum depth led to an increase in calculated remaining life of 20% to 40% for the cases studied.

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Improvements in Direct Assessment with the Non-Contact Magnetic Gradient Tomography Method (MTM-G)

Product Number: 51324-20874-SG

Author: D. Nnamdi; Chukwuma C. Onuoha

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Due to the serious consequences of external corrosion and leaks in underground pipelines, external corrosion direct assessment, as described in AMPP SP0502, was developed to proactively prevent external corrosion and ensure the integrity of oil and gas pipelines that are difficult to pig. This standard requires a minimum of two indirect inspections to confirm the most susceptible locations on a pipeline for external corrosion to occur. Cathodic protection, coating and soil resistivity are collected during the indirect inspection process to help classify and prioritize anomalies for direct examination. This is also applicable during stress corrosion cracking direct assessment, where indirect inspection data are supplemented with other data to help pinpoint susceptible locations. All these techniques are not capable of identifying external metal loss or external stress corrosion cracks from aboveground; the pipeline must be exposed for the defects to be evaluated. The invention of the non-contact magnetic gradient tomography method has elevated DA protocols. This technology can use magnetic field strength from aboveground to identify external metal loss, cracks, dents, etc. This paper presents process improvements and real-life case studies demonstrating the benefits of this technology on non-piggable pipelines.

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Improving Cathodic Protection Pipeline Integrity Monitoring Data in the Time of IIoT and Big Data

Product Number: 51321-16259-SG

Author: Tony da Costa; Matt Barrett

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

Available for download

Inline Cathodic Protection Current Mapping - Applications

Product Number: 51322-17629-SG

Author: Dennis Janda

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Inline cathodic protection current mapping is a unique method of assessing a pipeline’s cathodic protection. This is accomplished by measuring the actual current received by the pipeline continuously along the entire pipeline length. Unlike pipe to soil potentials, which can have a great deal of error in them due to forces often beyond our control, the CP mapping tool uses the physical properties of the pipe itself to measure the CP current. The pipe is a very stable part of the circuit, unlike the soil surrounding it.

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Laying the Foundation for an Engineered and Integrated Approach to Pipeline External Corrosion Protection

Product Number: 51322-17962-SG

Author: Keith Parker, Trey Johnston, Dale Lindemuth, Alfonso Garcia, Stephen B. Gibson

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Enbridge is proposing to develop a program that utilizes state-of-the-art technologies and proven inspection methods to prescribe interventions related to external corrosion mitigation using a predictive, integrated approach. This new program embraces complex problems by collecting, analyzing, and integrating environmental, pipeline integrity, and corrosion control data to predict external corrosion risk with sound engineering models (mechanistic, reliability and risk) to anticipate, prevent, and contain unexpected events.

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Methodology For The Evaluation Of Batch Corrosion Inhibitor Films And Their Integrity

Product Number: 51321-16632-SG

Author: Winston Mosher/ Tamer Crosby/ Tony Lam

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

Available for download

NACE SP0113-2013, "Pipeline Integrity Method Selection"

Product Number: 21171-SG

Publication Date: 2013

$179.00

HISTORICAL DOCUMENT. Determining the appropriate assessment method for corrosion threats, as a part of a pipeline integrity process. Specifically intended for buried onshore pipelines constructed from ferrous materials.

Products tagged with 'pipeline integrity'

Association for Materials Protection and Performance