AMPP Store - Products tagged with '2022 conference papers'

Available for download

Mechanisms And Polymorphic Transformation Of Calcium Carbonate Inorganic Scale In Oil-Water Emulsion.

Product Number: 51322-17876-SG

Author: Olujide Sanni, Wassim Taleb, Richard Barker, Anne Neville, Ogbemi Bukuaghangin, Thibaut Charpentier, Frederick Pessu

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

The formation of mineral scale is an undesirable phenomenon which is as a result of the disturbances in thermodynamics and chemical equilibria of the water system. CaCO₃ scale is one of the major flow challenges in the oil industry and the crystallization process starts from thermodynamically unstable hydrated form to anhydrous polymorphic stable forms^1,2 The transformation involves a series of ordering, dehydration, and crystallization processes, each lowering the enthalpy of the system where the crystallization of the dehydrated amorphous material lowers the enthalpy the most. There are two theories regarding the polymorphic transformation of a solid structure. The first suggests the transformation occurs through a direct solid transition in which the metastable phase exhibits a rearrangement of its molecules or atoms to a more stable form³. The second is valid in the presence of a solvent which allows the dissolution and the re-nucleation and growth of the stable phase⁴.

Available for download

Mechanistic Modeling Of The Impedance Response Of Cathodic Reduction Of Hydrogen Ion In Strong Acidic Environments

Product Number: 51322-17900-SG

Author: Negar Moradighadi, Yoon-Seok Choi, Srdjan Nesic

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

EIS is one of the techniques which is frequently used for studying electrochemical reactions on a metal surface in an aqueous environment. However, one of the main challenges in using EIS is the interpretation of results. Various interpretation methods and their associated uncertainties lead to ambiguous outcomes and often end up with a biased analysis One of the methods frequently used is the so-called “equivalent electrical circuit” method which models the response of and electrochemical system by matching it to that of a combination of “analogous” electrical circuit components, such as resistors, inductors, capacitors, etc.

Available for download

Metal Dusting Resistance Of Nicrmocu Alloy And Its Weld Overlay Under High Pressure Condition

Product Number: 51322-17570-SG

Author: Bingtao Li, Vinay Deodeshmukh, Clara Schlereth, Anke S. Ulrich, Mathias C. Galetz

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Many industrial processes contain H2, CO, CO2, and H2O gas mixtures, such as syngas production and processing in hydrogen, ammonia, and methanol plants. These process environments have high carbon activity, i.e. a_c > 1, and low oxygen partial pressure at their elevated operating temperatures, such as in the temperature range of 400-800 °C (752-1472 °F). The high carbon activity could result in a catastrophic material degradation, i.e. metal dusting. The resulting corrosion products consist of carbon or graphite and metal particles, along with possible carbides and oxides, and cause material disintegration.

Available for download

Metallic Film-Coated Optical Fiber Sensor For Corrosion Monitoring At High Pressures

Product Number: 51322-17804-SG

Author: Ruishu F. Wright, Paul R. Ohodnicki, Jr, Nathan Diemler, Margaret Ziomek-Moroz, John Baltrus, Michael Buric

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Corrosion is a common and critical issue in the oil and natural gas industry and it adversely affects the component functionality and structural integrity of infrastructure for exploration, production, transportation, processing, and CO2 sequestration. The natural gas delivery system includes 528,000 km (328,000 miles) of transmission and gathering pipelines in U.S. According to the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA) database, corrosion has caused ~25% of the natural gas transmission and gathering pipeline incidents over the last 30 years in the U.S., and 61% out of corrosion-caused incidents were due to internal corrosion.

Available for download

Metallizing Steel Bridges In New England - It’S Growing!

Product Number: 51322-17836-SG

Author: Jerry S. Zoller

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Bridge Owners are always on the lookout for a coating system for steel bridges that will perform for the longest time, and at a reasonable price. Metallizing has long been considered one of the best coating systems but the lack of qualified applicators simply has not made it available as an economical option. The success of early metallizing encouraged the investment in metallizing for Owners and bridge fabricators, and spurred on its significant growth over the past decade.

Available for download

Microbiological Profile and Risk Exposures in Topside Production Systems of FPSOs in West Africa

Product Number: 51322-18017-SG

Author: Kingsley Oparaodu, Ibiba Braide

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

The incidence and proliferation of microbial population in oil and gas production facilities can have undesirable consequences on upstream, midstream and downstream production systems. Microbes thrive in the anaerobic conditions encountered in these systems and are supported by nutrients and metabolites found in produced water. Although the majority of process and water injection systems are susceptible to microbial fouling, the development of microbial activity is exacerbated by specific conditions such as stagnant fluids or the presence of deposits.¹ Threats of microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) and other challenges associated with microorganisms have become valid as more cases are reported. While MIC, biofouling (BF), and reservoir souring are three of the most common problems associated with microbes, many other production issues can be attributable to microbial activity including: employee infections, filter plugging, loss of injectivity, and metal sulfide deposits.²

Available for download

Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion Failure Of Ni-Coated Carbon Steel Fittings In Enhanced Oil Recovery Water Injection Service

Product Number: 51322-17793-SG

Author: Moavin Islam, Amal Al-Borno, Chad Walz

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

This paper presents the findings of an investigation that was carried out to determine the root cause of the premature failure of Ni-coated carbon steel fittings on the water injection composite piping system installed at an oil production facility in Western Canada. The facility had been in operation since 2011 without major corrosion issues. Many of the Ni-coated fittings, which are expected to have a service life of 20 years, started to fail (developed leaks) unexpectedly after about 4 years. The core structure of composite pipe is a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) inner pipe, a middle layer of high-strength dry fiberglass, and a protective thermoplastic outer jacket. The interconnecting fittings are made of carbon steel coated with a thin, ~40 micron (1.5 mil) layer of Nickel.

Available for download

Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion In Drinking Water Pipelines – Old Deposits Or Active Process?

Product Number: 51322-18068-SG

Author: Elsemiek Croese, Eelco Trietsch, Jentina Schuurman, Sabine Doddema

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

In the Netherlands, a large drinking water distribution system exists which composes of a complex network of underground pipes owned by several water companies. Part of the drinking water distributions pipes consist of cast iron pipes of which some have been installed more than 80 years ago.¹ To prevent leaks, it is desirable to have insight into the condition of these pipes and the risk of leakages or even pipe bursts. During local replacements and maintenance work, corrosion is regularly found in the pipes and previous research⁷ has indicated that Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion (MIC) may be involved in this corrosion that is found in the pipes.

Available for download

Mitigation Of Carbon Steel MIC Using THPS Enhanced By A Biofilm Dispersing Peptide In A Flow Loop With An Oilfield Biofilm Consortium

Product Number: 51322-17560-SG

Author: Di Wang, Tuba Unsal,Mazen A. Saleh, Mohammed D. Alotaibi, Magdy E. Mohamed, Sith Kumseranee, Suchada Punpruk, Tingyue Gu

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

MIC is a major threat to oil pipelines because it reduces the service life of pipelines and can potentially leads to catatrophes. Microbial communities commonly associated with pipeline corrosion include sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB), acid producing bacteria (APB), acetogenic bacteria and methanogens. In a field environment, SRB, APB and other microbes often live in a synergistic biofilm consortium. Sessile SRB are often the main culprit of MIC. They can utilize sulfate as the terminal electron acceptor and various carbon sources and elemental iron as electron donors. Corrosive APB biofilms are also a contributing factor in an acidic environment because they release H+ which is an oxidant.

Available for download

Mitigation Of CRU Heater Tube Carburization By Modified High Heat Transfer Ceramic Cladding Materials

Product Number: 51322-17831-SG

Author: Natalie Hana Frank, Iain Stuart Hall, Paolo Brunello

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Common materials employed in catalytic reforming unit tubes are typically resistant to carburization due to protective chromium oxide films, but under low excess oxygen conditions can become compromised and allow carbon penetration and carbide formation at the exposed surface. Embrittlement and material wastage as a result of these mechanisms causes premature failures, with production loss, in addition to shutdown maintenance and replacement costs. Carburization in this environment is simulated in this paper through a pack carburizing method designed to create an environment optimal for diffusing carbon in an ASTM 335 9Cr-1Mo tube material.

Available for download

Mitigation Of Scaling Potential Using Organophosphorus Phosphonates In High-Temperature And High-Hardness Carbonate Formations

Product Number: 51322-17588-SG

Author: Jian Hou, Tao Chen, Ming Han, Mohammed Bataweel

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Scale is an adherent deposit of inorganic compounds precipitated from water onto surfaces. Most oilfield waters contain certain amounts of dissolved calcium, barium or strontium salts. The mineral scale can be formed by chemical reactions in the formation water itself, by mixing of formation water with injected seawater, or by mixing of the well streams of two incompatible oilfield waters. In carbonate reservoirs, when calcium is deposited as calcium sulfate or calcium carbonate scale, a loss of production and increased maintenance expenses can result. Therefore, effective mitigation of scaling potential is of importance to the oil producers.

Available for download

Modelling Electrolytic Hydrofluoric Acid In The Fractionation Phase Change Corrosion Zone Of HF Alkylation Units

Product Number: 51322-17520-SG

Author: Andy C. Gysbers, J. Tim Korstanje, Michael S. Cayard, Peiming Wang, Ezequiel Vincent

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Hydrofluoric acid (HF) is used as a catalyst in the alkylation process to react isobutane with olefin feeds to manufacture a high octane alkylate product used in gasoline blending. The HF catalyst is added in its anhydrous liquid form (< 400 ppmw H₂O) but as it circulates in the reaction system, residual water in the Paper No. 17520 liquid hydrocarbon feed is absorbed by the acid such that the circulating reaction acid builds up a small percentage (0.5 to 2.0 mass%) of water. This water/HF mixture is also referred to as rich HF (RHF). In addition, the alkylation reactions also will generate fluorocarbons and acid soluble oils (ASOs).

Products tagged with '2022 conference papers'

Association for Materials Protection and Performance