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The super-austenitic grade Alloy 35Mo has recently been developed and already been installed in shell-and- tube heat exchangers globally. The grade has shown excellent results in different laboratory tests. However, the grade must also be tested in industrial environments, which will take some time until results can been obtained.
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For many corrosion-resistant alloys (CRA´s), crevice corrosion under gaskets, paint or O-rings required to define the exposed area and avoid solution contact with electrical connections interferes with measurements of the critical pitting potential (EPIT). This undesired and uncontrolled crevice corrosion occurs at a lower potential than the one for the onset of pitting corrosion. Many approaches have been used to avoid this artifact.
Saline Water Conversion Corporation (SWCC) is the largest producer of water by its different water desalination plants distributed around the kingdom. In SWCC above storage tanks (ASTs) have the capacity to store 140,000 m3 of produced water. Most tanks are commissioned more than 20 years and have worked properly with minor observations on their performance. Mostly SWCC tanks are made of carbon steel and internally protected with a two - components epoxy coating as a passive method and cathodic protection as an active method.
By selection of proper base metal/weld metal combinations and diligent use of established cladding procedures a very serviceable and reliable “wallpaper” metallic lining requiring only periodic cleaning, can be achieved at an economical price.
A new super austenitic stainless steel has been developed for use in highly corrosive wet environments.The new alloy, Alloy 35Mo, has the general chemical composition 27Cr-35Ni-6.5Mo-0.28N and PRE>52,suggesting high resistance towards chloride induced localized corrosion. The Alloy 35Mo has excellentcorrosion resistance in chloride bearing environments, and has also shown surprising mechanicalproperties with a combination of high yield strength, excellent ductility and low hardness. The mainapplications for the new grade will initially be heat exchanger tubing, small dimension piping and hydraulic& instrumentation tubing. Target industries are refineries, chemical and petrochemical plants and offshoreinstallations. This paper discusses Alloy35Mo, its properties, and a comparison with existing,competing grades
Embarking on an exploration of intriguing coating failures, where sophisticated analytical techniques are used to dig deep within the coating, fascinating and unexpected discoveries can sometimes occur.
Available cast austenitic and duplex stainless steel grades and their castability and corrosion resistance. The conclusion is that superduplex stainless steel offers the best combination of properties for seawater cooling and firewater pumps.
The “Weakest Link” on any structure is found at the nut and bolt assemblies. Nuts and bolts are found on every structure. “The fate of any complex steel assembly may be determined by the vulnerability of its smallest and least considered components”. “The bolts or fasteners holding the assembly together are often the areas where corrosion starts first and where the effects of corrosion may have the most serious consequences”.
Aircraft representative galvanic test articles and witness coupons were placed out for atmospheric exposure testing at the U.S. Naval Research Lab (NRL) site in Key West, Florida. One set of test specimens was exposed to only ambient environment for a 62 day period; a second set of test specimens was exposed to both ambient environment (initial 62 days), and a short duration, twice daily, seawater spray protocol over a further 55 day period. Environmental loading was monitored using sensors that measured temperature, relative humidity, rainfall, and time of wetness (TOW), at 30 minute intervals. Following retrieval, the test articles were inspected in the laboratory using laser profilometry to characterize the spatial distribution and depth of corrosion damage. Mass loss measurement using the witness coupons was used to estimate relative corrosion rates for the two periods.
This paper will introduce UNS N08830 - a new Ni-Fe-Cr-Mo-N superaustenitic alloy with a microstructural evaluation as well as corrosion and mechanical test results. exceptional pitting and crevice corrosion resistance, high strength.