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The standard type of chemicals long used as oilfield corrosion inhibitors are so-called filmforming molecules carrying a positive net charge. More specifically, these additives belong to e.g. the classes fatty amines, alkoxylated fatty amines, amidoamines, imidazolines, pyridinium quats, and quarternary ammonium compounds like alkyl benzyl quats. Anionic molecules, predominantly phosphate esters, may sometimes also be used as stand-alone inhibitors or as enhancers in formulations with a base inhibitor of the abovementioned type.
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New gas field expansion will provide offshore facilities to process non-associated gas, where the newgas gathering system takes non-associated gas from offshore gas wells and transports it throughpipeline to onshore processing plants. The gas is very corrosive due to high levels of H2S and CO2 acidgases content. Further hydrate control is achieved by injecting mono ethylene glycol (MEG).
A large part of the remaining natural gas reserves worldwide is sour, i.e. H2S-containing. Many oil and gas fields, especially in North America, Central Asia and the Middle East, are highly sour with an H2S fraction of several percent. Internal corrosion in sour environments is associated with a high risk of severe localized corrosion attacks.
Modified 13Cr (UNS S41426) (M13Cr) are advantageous as components for wellbores in oil and gas upstream units due to their high strength capabilities and tremendous corrosion resistance in sweet environments with minimal H2S levels. However, previous studies speculate disparities between an overestimation in the application limits for the 110 ksi grade material. Previous experimental results associate this to microstructural differences from varying heat treatments. The proprietary procedures used to manufacture, emphasize a lack of quality control among suppliers.