AMPP Store - Products tagged with 'cathodic protection'

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A Case Study: Piecewise vs. Holistic Pipeline AC Mitigation Design

Product Number: 51323-19307-SG

Author: Perry Ross

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

AC interference analyses are an important part of designing an adequate cathodic protection system on a pipeline when collocations with high voltage powerline(s) occur. Modeling software has been developed to create accurate simulations of what is occurring in the real world to create the best mitigation designs for operators. Many of these studies are proposed due to pipeline replacements that update pipelines from coatings with coal tar to fusion bonded epoxy (FBE).

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A Fracture Mechanics Approach To Characterizing Hydrogen Embrittlement Of Fasteners

Product Number: 51321-16798-SG

Author: Herman E. Amaya, Behrang Fahimi, Ramgopal Thodla

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

Materials properties that are used in specific oil and gas environments are de-rated due to the risks associated with hydrogen embrittlement cracking. In oil production environments the concern is for the onset of stress corrosion cracking (SCC), while in seawater environments the concern is for Hydrogen Induced Stress Cracking (HISC). Both are hydrogen embrittlement phenomena with the distinction being the source of hydrogen for each. In SSC the source of hydrogen is from the presence of H2S in the oil production fluids, and in HISC the source of hydrogen is from the dissociation of water from the cathodic protection system. This paper is focused on the latter phenomena and aims to characterize the susceptibility of carbon alloy steels as applied in fastener applications, in a seawater environment under cathodic protection.

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A Methodology, Database, And Maps For Seasonally-Adjusted Soil Resistivity

Product Number: 51322-18216-SG

Author: Thomas Hayden, Alfonso Rojas Garcia, Steve Peaslee, Joseph Mazzella, Paul Murray, Robert R. Dobos

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

The electrical conductivity of the electrolyte is one of the key parameters in the electromechanics of corrosion. Highly conductive electrolytes will permit more current and increase corrosion rates. Conversely, resistive electrolytes will enable less current to flow until the necessary conditions for corrosion are no longer satisfied or slowed.

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A Novel Approach to Assessing Stray Current Interference without Potential Interruption

Product Number: 51324-20452-SG

Author: Parker B. Robbins

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

A novel approach is proposed to assess a procedure for testing whether a pipeline may be interfered with from DC stray current. With the rise in popularity of portable coupons in AC mitigation testing, the paper proposes a method to evaluate DC stray current with a portable or stationary coupon without requiring potential interruption on foreign structures. This may allow technicians to conduct additional testing on suspected interference spots without requiring the interruption of a foreign pipeline or structure. This paper outlines and proposes a procedure for determining the likelihood of DC stray current interference utilizing coupons. Additionally, the paper recommends and outlines a proposed study to assess the accuracy of the techniques in the proposed procedure. While DC current cannot typically be measured and quantified for a bare metal holiday on a pipeline, coupons allow for a controlled and measurable connection to a simulated pipeline holiday. The procedure may be utilized to distinguish when suppressed potentials are occurring on a pipeline as a result of DC stray current interference rather than from inadequate current provided by CP system, a foreign voltage gradient, shielding or electrical grounding, even when the source of current is unknown. The procedure may also be beneficial in situations with atypical interring-structures where the existence of the interfering structure is unknown or where the applied voltage of the interfering structure cannot be interrupted traditionally such as with the prevalence of DC current situations occurring from installed or newly repaired direct-buried communication utility cables with weak splices at unknown locations. The procedure may also be utilized as an initial step to determine first steps in a DC stray current interference situation.

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A Remote Monitoring System Featuring GPS Synchronized Instant-Off Potential And Line-Current Measurements

Product Number: 51322-17635-SG

Author: Andreas Junker Olesen, Lars Vendelbo Nielsen

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

There are several ways to validate the performance of a cathodic protection (CP) system for buried pipelines. Over the years, pipeline networks and their corrosion challenges have become increasingly complicated, not least due to the many sources of both AC and DC interference that affects CP operation. Also, the various measurement techniques that can be applied to test CP effectiveness has increased over the years. Finally, the sheer number of buried pipeline miles has been constantly increasing.

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A Study Of The Depolarization Phenomena In Soils And Remanence Of Corrosion Protection After CP Interruption

Product Number: 51322-17649-SG

Author: Clémence Rogier, David Sellam, Tiphaine Lutzler, Laurent Henry, Ahmed Fakhry, Yves Zannier, Elisabeth Fleury, François Castillon

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Oil and gas buried pipelines are protected against corrosion by both organic coatings, a passive protection system, and cathodic protection, an active protection system. When coating defects occur, CP controls the corrosion of the exposed steel surface. From an operating point of view, cathodic protection interruptions can occur on the network during interventions, consignments, or technical problems. Literature indicates that during CP interruption the corrosion rate of the metal remains lower than its free corrosion rate. Application of CP confers a remanence of protection to the metal. The objective of this study is to determine the safe duration for cathodic protection interruptions depending on environmental and cathodic protection conditions.

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A Two-Stage Cathodic Protection System Combining ICCP Components with Long-Term Galvanic Anode Steel Reinforcement Protection

Product Number: 51323-18868-SG

Author: David Whitmore, David Simpson, George Sergi

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

There is no doubt that Impressed Current Cathodic Protection (ICCP) of steel reinforced concrete has, over the last decades, become a well-established technique for controlling reinforcement corrosion of structural elements. The expectation of long-life protection has, however, been somewhat reduced as some anode systems fail, monitoring equipment become antiquated, and lack of adequate maintenance makes the systems inoperable with the average service life of any ICCP system falling to 15-20 years.

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AC Corrosion At Other Frequencies Part A: Field Investigation And Mitigation

Product Number: 51321-16807-SG

Author: Wolfgang Fieltsch, P. Eng.; Fation Shahinas, P. Eng.; Andreas Junker Olesen, Ph.D., Eng.; Lars Vendelbo Nielsen, Ph.D., Eng.

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

Available for download

AC Corrosion of Cathodically Protected Pipelines – Summary

Product Number: 51321-16299-SG

Author: Dr. Andreas Junker Olesen

Publication Date: 2021

$20.00

Available for download

AC Corrosion of Pipelines

Product Number: 37656-e

ISBN: 978-1-57590-400-9

Author: Y. Frank Cheng

Publication Date: 2021

$160.00

AC Corrosion of Pipelines covers the essential topics related to AC corrosion of pipelines, a problem affecting the safety and reliability of underground pipelines. In addition to the basic principles of AC interference induced by adjacent AC power lines and other sources, the book details the adverse effects of the interference on collocated pipelines, including corrosion and pitting corrosion, coating degradation, deviating of cathodic protection potentials, and the ineffectiveness of cathodic protection systems. Moreover, effective management measures to this problem are discussed. It also covers the DC interference and DC corrosion of the pipelines, as compared to the AC corrosion phenomenon. The book, the first of its kind, provides a complete and comprehensive understanding to the phenomenon from both the fundamentals and the author's research experiences.

The reader can learn and understand the basics associated with AC corrosion. Moreover, the book provides solutions and industry practice to mitigate, control, and manage AC corrosion of pipelines. The reader can thus learn the appropriate solutions to the problem. Finally, the book also includes DC corrosion of pipelines, in addition to AC corrosion, another essential problem to the buried pipelines with the increasing development of HVDC power lines. All of them contribute to improved knowledge base and recommended solutions for the actual problem threating the integrity and safety of pipelines.

All NACE e-books are available as mobi files. The mobi is a common e-book format that can be opened by many e-book readers, though NACE suggests Kindle for optimized viewing. The Kindle app is available for free on Amazon for iOS (Apple devices), Android devices, MACs, and PCs at https://www.amazon.com/kindleapps

Once you download your e-books, they will automatically open in your Kindle app. To find your book in the future, open the app and click on library. This is where all your future NACE e-books (and all your other mobi e-books) will appear, in your personalized library.

e-book, AMPP 2021, 284 pages

Available for download

AC Corrosion of Pipelines

Product Number: 37656-pdf

ISBN: 978-1-57590-464-1

Author: Y. Frank Cheng

$160.00

AC Corrosion of Pipelines covers the essential topics related to AC corrosion of pipelines, a problem affecting the safety and reliability of underground pipelines. In addition to the basic principles of AC interference induced by adjacent AC power lines and other sources, the book details the adverse effects of the interference on collocated pipelines, including corrosion and pitting corrosion, coating degradation, deviating of cathodic protection potentials, and the ineffectiveness of cathodic protection systems. Moreover, effective management measures to this problem are discussed. It also covers the DC interference and DC corrosion of the pipelines, as compared to the AC corrosion phenomenon. The book, the first of its kind, provides a complete and comprehensive understanding to the phenomenon from both the fundamentals and the author's research experiences.

The reader can learn and understand the basics associated with AC corrosion. Moreover, the book provides solutions and industry practice to mitigate, control, and manage AC corrosion of pipelines. The reader can thus learn the appropriate solutions to the problem. Finally, the book also includes DC corrosion of pipelines, in addition to AC corrosion, another essential problem to the buried pipelines with the increasing development of HVDC power lines. All of them contribute to improved knowledge base and recommended solutions for the actual problem threating the integrity and safety of pipelines.

Available for download

Achievement of Cathodic Protection of Buried Steel Pipelines by Either Passivity or Immunity

Product Number: 51317--8829-SG

ISBN: 8829 2017 CP

Author: Fumio Kajiyama

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

Behavior of corrosion protection in passivity and immunity domains respectively by considering the relation between cathodically polarized potential and pH at the steel/soil interface. As an example of corrosion protection in passivity domain steel in aerated sandy soil was taken.

Products tagged with 'cathodic protection'

Association for Materials Protection and Performance