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Performance of UNS N06625 Weld Clad on Carbon Steel in CO2/H2S Environment at 120°C

Picture for Performance of UNS N06625 Weld Clad on Carbon Steel in CO2/H2S Environment at 120°C
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Carbon steels are widely used in the oil and gas exploration and production service. However these materials are prone to corrosion and cracking in CO2/H2S. The propensity to cracking increases when higher strength grades are employed. The use of corrosion resistant alloys incurs costs; however these costs are justified in environments where severe corrosion or cracking of cheaper carbon steel is anticipated. Cost reduction can be attained if these materials are coated by an industrial method such as weld cladding onto carbon steel. To understand the behaviour of UNS N06625 weld clad on carbon steel several weld clad specimens were prepared and tested in de-aerated 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution for 30 days in 9.5 MPa CO2 containing 0.5MPa H2S at 120°C. Specimens were also tested in stressed conditions. Microstructural characterization revealed that the ‘swirls’ of carbon steel in the clad specimens were susceptible to sulphide scale formation in the test environment. These swirls can extend up a few hundred micrometres from the fusion line. The stressed specimens showed no visible cracks at 10X magnification.Thus when selecting the thickness of weld cladding on carbon steel one should choose the thickness to avoid swirls reaching the surface of the cladding.

Product Number: 51319-12767-SG
Author: Shiladitya Paul
Publication Date: 2019
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$20.00
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51318-11070- Corrosion and SSC Resistant Cladding Material for H2S/CO2 Oil and Gas Containing Environment

Product Number: 51318-11070-SG
Author: E. Fallahmohammadi / R. Sica / P. Anelli / F. Casiraghi
Publication Date: 2018
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The paper summarizes the theoretical and test programs to validate the aluminum cladding solution – developed to overcome sulfide stress corrosion problems in high strength steel armors in H2S/CO2 containing environment.
Picture for The Sensitisation Behaviour of Alloy UNS N08825 After Heat Treatment as Used in Clad Materials
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The Sensitisation Behaviour of Alloy UNS N08825 After Heat Treatment as Used in Clad Materials

Product Number: 51317--9459-SG
ISBN: 9459 2017 CP
Author: Helena Alves
Publication Date: 2017
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The aim of this paper is to present recent standard test corrosion data obtained in laboratory for alloy UNS N08825 after post weld heat treatment in comparison with as delivered (soft annealed) material.

 

Picture for Design Consideration for Internal Welding Attachments in Clad Pressure Vessels
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Design Consideration for Internal Welding Attachments in Clad Pressure Vessels

Product Number: MPWT19-14326
Author: Olivier Sarrat
Publication Date: 2019
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Process equipment which employs a corrosion resistant alloy (CRA) layer cladded to steel is common in refineries, petrochemical plants and other plants processing highly corrosive media. There are two regularly employed methods for welding attachments and internals to clad process vessels. One is to remove the CRA cladding for welding the attachment to the steel base metal assuming dissimilar welds and restoring CRA by weld overlay. The other eliminates the step of removing the cladding, simplifying the attachment process by direct welding of the internals onto the clad layer. With the lack of data to prove the integrity of direct welding attachment onto the clad layer, designers frequently demand the cladding be removed or allow only a conservatively low stress limit for what can be attached directly to the clad surface. It is well understood that eliminating the step of removing clad increases the simplicity, improves the lead-time, and reduces the cost of making these attachments for trays or other internals, but there are concerns about clad disbonding risks. With the aim to provide data around the integrity of direct welding attachments for better risk assessments, a technical study was undertaken. In this study, it will be shown that the bond between clad material and the base steel is robust enough to withstand the heaviest attachments and harshest conditions. The theory behind the technical study will be presented along with the results of this study
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