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HISTORICAL DOCUMENT. Guidelines to prevent environmental cracking of weldments in carbon steel refinery equipment and piping. Welding processes: SMAW, GMAW, FCAW, GTAW and SAW.
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HISTORICAL DOCUMENT. Establishes guidelines to prevent most forms of environmental cracking of weldments in carbon steel refinery equipment and piping. Welding processes covered by this standard include shielded metal arc welding (SMAW); gas metal arc welding (GMAW), including flux-core arc welding (FCAW); gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW); and submerged arc welding (SAW). Almost all types of weld configurations are included. The standard also addresses corrosive environments, hardness, and total stress in relation to in-service cracking of carbon steel welds. Key words: carbon steels, cracking, hardness, hydrogen embrittlement, refinery equipment, welds.
HISTORICAL DOCUMENT. Designing, fabricating, and/or maintaining carbon steel equipment and piping that is exposed to caustic environments. Incorporates findings of a 1999 survey as they apply to refinery applications.
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Inspection of deaerator system welds. Boiler feedwater deaerator cracking. Design and fabrication of vessels and repair of existing vessels. Operational and water chemistry parameters.
HISTORICAL DOCUMENT. Design, installation, operation, and maintenance of deep groundbeds for control of external corrosion of underground or submerged metallic structures by impressed current cathodic protection.