AMPP Store - Individual Conference Papers

Available for download

How Informative is Your Annual CP Survey Potential Data? - A Statistical Analysis

Product Number: 51324-21219-SG

Author: Thomas Hayden; Len Krissa; Keith Parker; Cedar Osmond

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

In the United States, gas and hazardous liquid pipelines are regulated by Section 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations, Parts 192 and 195 respectively. It is in these regulations where guidance for the location and frequency is required to “have sufficient test stations or other contact points for electrical measurement to determine the adequacy of cathodic protection.” Historically, many operators in the United States have placed test stations at typically a 1-to-3-mile interval to demonstrate compliance with the associated regulations. A statistical analysis was performed on the annual test station data on multiple pipelines to show how meaningful this data is towards understanding the overall cathodic protection effectiveness. The priority of CP application needs to be from a corrosion prevention perspective rather than one driven strictly by regulatory compliance.

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How Many Excavations are Required to Confirm the Absence of SCC on a Pipeline Following SCCDA

Product Number: 51317--9346-SG

ISBN: 9346 2017 CP

Author: Francois Ayello

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

This paper examines the relationship between stress corrosion cracking (SCC) threat modeling and the number of digs required to conclude that a pipeline is SCC free. Results show that when a reliable inspection prioritization model is used, few digs are required to infer that a pipe has a low probability of SCC.

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How Not to Do Machine Learning for Corrosion Prediction

Product Number: 51323-19310-SG

Author: Thomas Hayden, Joseph Mazzella, Len Krissa, Paul Murray

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

The intention of this work is to pose epistemic questions about corrosion measurement, statistical inference, and the role of machine learning in predicting corrosion growth. The audience of this work is practitioners implementing inferential algorithms or tools for corrosion prediction. In this work, an algorithm consists of a process for estimating the presence and severity of corrosion.

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How Specific is Your Coating Specification?

Product Number: 51220-236-SG

Author: S. G. Croll, C. Gu, V. Upadhyay, B. D. Keil

Publication Date: 2020

$20.00

For a coatings project to become a Successful Coatings Project, the coatings specification should be clear and concise to be useful to the intended audience. The contractor, the owner and any other parties should be able to find and understand key elements such as the scope, surface preparation (including the appropriate standards) and the specified coating or lining system with the approved alternates.

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How the DH Do I Get the DH I Need?

Product Number: 51220-256-SG

Author: Nick Kline

Publication Date: 2020

$20.00

Using dehumidification for coatings and preservation has been a widely accepted practice for several decades. Over that time, both the coatings and the dehumidification equipment have grown in complexity. While this has made dehumidification more prevalent than ever, it also has made determining what you need as well as actually getting what you need more complicated than ever.

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How the Right Pot Choice and System Set Up Can Improve Blasting Efficiency

Product Number: 51220-230-SG

Author: David J Barnes

Publication Date: 2020

$20.00

Shot and grit blasting has been around for many years, but are we getting the most from our systems? This paper looks at the various adjustable parameters that can and do affect the productivity (yardage), media usage and effectiveness of a blasting operation. Air flow, pressure and nozzle size all contribute to the efficiency and yardage achievable by a blast pot.

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How The Right Pot Choice And System Set Up Can Improve Blasting Efficiency Continued

Product Number: 51322-17932-SG

Author: David J Barnes

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

The paper written in 2019 concluded the following; Whilst we may think that all blast pots are the same, these tests show that not to be the case. The design of the pipework, remote control valves and media valves all contribute to the efficiency of the pot. The ability to precisely control the amount of grit being introduced into the airstream gives the operator much more control over grit usage and therefore overall efficiency and hence cost.

Available for download

How To Acquire A Reliable Scale Inhibitor MEC Number Based On Laboratory Testing Results – A Field Case Analysis

Product Number: 51322-17623-SG

Author: Dong Shen, Jeffrey Russek, Haiping Lu, Larry Hines, Michael Jordon Oney

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

The formation of mineral scales is one of the most problematic threats to the oil and gas operations which can lead to loss of production, increased lifting costs and assets deterioration.1 Mineral scales can precipitate at any locations within an oil and gas production system and create blockage in perforations, production tubulars, pumps, and surface equipment. The formation of scale deposits can be attributed to the mixing of incompatible waters from different production zones or physical and chemical condition changes associated with produced water transporting from reservoir to wellhead and further to processing facilities.

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How to Assess AC on a Pipeline with a Mix of Coal Tar Enamel (CTE) and Fusion Bonded Epoxy

Product Number: 51319-12975-SG

Author: Joseph Pikas

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

Assessing and mitigating AC corrosion on pipelines with multiple coatings presents some unique challenges especially when there are significant coating resistance changes between them. Gas pipelines are constantly being upgraded due to class locations/relocations which result in changes in the pipe grade and coating. The older CTE coating never experienced AC corrosion issues in this same environment; however now with mix of FBE coated sections changes the dynamics are now different for AC corrosion to occur. This paper will present the challenges of assessing a poor-quality coating with 50 years of service versus an excellent coating with less than 5 years of service in a low resistivity environment.

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How to Improve Accuracy of Anode Output Estimated From Field Gradient Measurements

Product Number: 51319-12910-SG

Author: Tim Froome

Publication Date: 2019

$20.00

Survey of sacrificial anodes mounted on complex structures sometimes includes field gradient measurements for example made by stabbing an anode using a twin-cell probe.Typical practise is for survey companies to convert the twin-measurements of potential into an estimated anode output but there is a risk that estimates may be inaccurate if the method used does not appropriately take into account factors such as:The stab is made away from the middle of the anodeThe probe is not oriented perpendicular to the surface of the anodeThe structure around the anode leads to distortion of the electric fields for example because there is a coating defect to one side of the anode or the structure is not symmetric around the anodeThrough the use of examples this paper investigates the effect of such factors on measured field gradient. It goes on to show how field gradient measurements made with probe orientations which do not correspond to electric-field flux-lines or which are not central on an anode can nevertheless be used to estimate anode output.The paper seeks to provide reference material which can be used to simplify estimation of anode output from measured field gradients.

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How to Maximize Your Profits Through Various Product Estimating and Application Tips and Techniques

Product Number: 41207-318-SG

Author: Jeff Davis, Akzo Nobel

Publication Date: 2007

$20.00

Painting contractors can maximize their profits by directly demonstrating the value in their pricing and service, looking for opportunities to increase the scope of work for each job and investing in efficient techniques that allow them to carry out more jobs.

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How to Non-Destructively Measure Dry Film Thickness on Concrete Substrates Reliable, Accurately and with Confidence

Product Number: 51217-025-SG

Author: David J. Barnes

Publication Date: 2017

$20.00

As the author Robert M Pirsig stated, “Technology presumes there’s just one right way to do things, and there never is.” Whilst measuring coating thickness on concrete substrates is not new, the introduction of a new non-destructive thickness (NDT) gauge to measure coatings on concrete not only allows the user to evaluate the results obtained by existing instrumentation, but also provides an alternate non-destructive measuring solution - thereby increasing the industry’s confidence in the overall measurement technology.

Individual Conference Papers

Association for Materials Protection and Performance