AMPP Store - Individual Conference Papers

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High Voltage Porosity Testing Continuous DC vs. Pulsed DC

Product Number: 41212-674-SG

Author: JF Fletcher

Publication Date: 2012

$20.00

In certain protective coating applications, it is vital to test the finished system for flaws and pinholes, as these defects can lead to premature coating failure in service. This is particularly important when the coating is used in an immersion or partial immersion situation such as for tank or pipe linings.

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Highlighting Challenges with Corrosion Inhibitor Qualification Under High H2S, Sour Conditions

Product Number: 51323-19243-SG

Author: Hunter Thomson, Rodney Madjitey, Caroline Simpson, Dario M. Frigo, and Gordon Graham

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

Corrosion and corrosion inhibitor qualification testing has been the subject of many publications over the years, with various guidelines and in-house protocols produced. This has led to a rather large set of test approaches for the qualification of corrosion inhibitors (CIs) for application in oil and gas production facilities.

For challenging conditions, including severe downhole conditions, final testing is often performed via specialized autoclaves or high-pressure flow loops to allow tests to be conducted under conditions as close to those pertaining in the field: T, P, pCO2 and pH2S (or more realistically, fugacity of CO2 and H2S), and as close as can be achieved to the field hydrodynamics.

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Highlighting The Use Of Brush Plating For Plating On Titanium, Nickel Plating, Copper Plating And Metal Matrix Composite Materials

Product Number: 51322-18229-SG

Author: Joshua D. Thomas, Danijela Milosevic-Popovich

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

Electroplating is a commonly used technique in a variety of industries for applying metallic coatings to a surface to enhance corrosion resistance, hardness and wear characteristics, for appearances, antigalling, conductivity, radiation shielding, or a variety of other deposit characteristics. Typical electroplating occurs when the part to be plated is submersed in a tank of plating solution with an anode and electrical current is applied between the two. Using this method, any part of the work piece which does not require plating must be physically masked off with a non-electrically conductive material such as tape in order to keep the plating material from adhering where it is not wanted.

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Highly Durable Solventborne Silicone Organic Hybrid For Protective Coating Applications

Product Number: 51322-17537-SG

Author: Dr. Erin Vogel, Dr. Gary Wieber,Dr. Adam Tomasik, Dr. Yanxiang Li,

Publication Date: 2022

$20.00

The impact of corrosion on society is enormous. The National Association of Corrosion Engineers (NACE) estimated that the global total cost of corrosion is ~$2.5 trillion (USD), approximately 3.4% of global GDP.1 In 2016, NACE released the “International Measures of Prevention, Applications, and Economics of Corrosion Technology” which estimates that implementing corrosion prevention best General Business practices could result in global savings between 13-15 percent of the cost of damage, or a savings between $375-875 billion (USD) annually on a global basis.

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High-Performance Concrete Floor Coatings

Product Number: 41207-383-SG

Author: Jeffrey T. Spillane

Publication Date: 2007

$20.00

This paper will explore High-Performance Concrete Floor Coatings. It will include the basic characteristics of concrete as a floor substrate. We will examine the importance of preliminary inspection and surface preparation. We will discuss the basic generic types of coatings available and the selection of the appropriate system. We will conclude with an overview of the proper application of the coatings.

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High-Pressure SSC Testing of TMCP Large-Diameter Pipeline Steel

Product Number: 51324-20855-SG

Author: Thomas Haase; René Rüter ; Christoph Bosch

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

In the recent years concerns have been raised on the validity of 1 bar H2S testing to be representative of the full extension of SSC region 3 as currently defined in NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156-2. Within this work SSC four-point bend tests have been performed on base material and weld specimens from TMCP-based large-diameter pipes at exposure conditions in the range of 1-12 bar H2S partial pressure in the presence of different levels of CO2 up to 24 bar. The results are discussed based on microstructure and hardness of the tested pipes. Metallographic evaluation of the specimens to distinguish between SSC, grooves or stress-induced pits has been performed based on a recently published micrographic evaluation criteria chart. For this evaluation method, several examples are presented and discussed to contribute to the collection of data as a basis for damage feature evaluation. The results show that the tested TMCP-based large-diameter pipes are resistant to SSC at partial pressures of H2S above 1 bar, based on material parameters and test conditions. It is recommended to further investigate how the limits of SSC resistance depend on the quantity of CO2 present.

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High-strength Nickel Low Alloy Steels for Oil and Gas Equipment: ASTM A508 Grade 4N under cathodic protection and simulated sour environments.

Product Number: 51320-14706-SG

Author: Andreas Viereckl, Esteban Rodoni, Zakaria Quadir, Garry Leadbeater and Mariano Iannuzzi, Yuta Honma

Publication Date: 2020

$20.00

Low alloy steels (LASs) combine relatively low cost with exceptional mechanical properties, making LASs commonplace in Oil and Gas equipment. However, the strength and hardness of LASs for sour environments and for applications that generate atomic hydrogen at the surface, e.g., cathodic protection, is limited to prevent different forms of hydrogen embrittlement (HE) such as hydrogen stress cracking (HSC) and sulfide stress cracking (SSC). As a result, the specified minimum yield strength (SMYS) of forged LASs for, e.g., subsea components, rarely exceeds 550 MPa (80 ksi), while the most common pipeline steels are API(1) X65 to X70, with a SMYS of 450 MPa (65 ksi) and 482 MPa (70 ksi), respectively. Moreover, ISO(2) 15156-2 restricts LASs to a maximum of 1.0 wt% Ni due to SSC concerns. The LASs that exceed the ISO 15156-2 limit have to be qualified for service, lowering their commercial appeal.

In this work, the HSC resistance of the high-nickel (3.41 wt%), quenched and tempered (Q&T), nuclear-grade ASTM(3) A508 Gr.4N LAS was investigated using slow strain rate testing (SSRT) as a function of applied cathodic potential. Results showed that the yield strength (YS) and ultimate tensile strength (UTS) were unaffected by hydrogen, even at a high negative potential of -2.0 VAg/AgCl. HE effects were observed once the material started necking, manifested by a loss in ductility with increasing applied cathodic potentials. Indeed, A508 Gr.4N was less affected by H at high cathodic potentials than a low-strength (YS = 340 MPa) ferritic-pearlitic LAS of similar nickel content. SSRT results were linked to microstructure features, which were characterized by light optical microscopy (LOM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled to electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD).

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High-Temperature-Stable Vapor Corrosion Inhibitor for CUI

Product Number: 51324-20573-SG

Author: Ming Shen; Boris Miksic; Pavlo Solntsev

Publication Date: 2024

$40.00

Corrosion under insulation (CUI) happens due to moisture egress and thermal cycling. Chemical inhibitors can be a relatively low-cost method to mitigate CUI. Inhibitors for CUI that are stable at temperatures below 175°C exist. However, many pipes have thermal cycling at temperatures higher than 175°C. When such high-temperature-operating pipes undergo idling and then experience high temperature operation again, the CUI would be more pronounced because higher temperatures entail higher corrosion rates. It would require inhibitors that are both stable at high temperatures and possess vapor phase inhibition. Presented here is a novel vapor phase corrosion inhibitor that is stable up to 662°F (350°C). The thermal stability, diffusion, and the protection of carbon steel (C1018) against chloride-containing liquid by its vapor deposit will be discussed. This inhibitor is nonflammable. It is USDA-certified biobased, and biodegradable.

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Historical Perspective of Corrosion by Potable waters in Building Systems

Product Number: 93509-SG

Author: Arthur Cohen

Publication Date: 1993

$20.00

Corrosion can be a costly and annoying concern in a building's potable water

The forms of corrosion that can occur include:

1) General Corrosion

2) Pitting Attack

3) Concentration Cell Corrosion

4) Dealloying

5) Erosion Corrosion

6) Galvanic Corrosion

These corrosion forms can be avoided by a number of techniques including materials selection, system design and chemical treatment of the water.

Coatings, sometimes in conjunction with cathodic protection, have been used to mitigate the corrosion of storage tanks in building systems, but are not addressed in this paper.

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History of Sealers and Coatings in Decorative Concrete

Product Number: 41212-712-SG

Author: Chris Sullivan

Publication Date: 2012

$20.00

Over the last 30 years clear coatings and sealers have gone from a secondary supporting role in the decorative concrete industry to a primary role with an established and defined market presence. This paper will discuss the history of clear coatings and sealers as they have evolved to meet the rapidly changing demands of the decorative concrete industry.

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Holiday Detection by Imaging Fluorescent Coatings

Product Number: 41206-245-SG

Author: Paul D. Gossen

Publication Date: 2006

$20.00

Improved holiday detection of new coatings can increase a coating’s service life. This paper describes development of a fast, compact and portable holiday detector based on imaging of fluorescent coatings that is designed for ballast tanks inspection on Navy ships.

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Horizontal Directional Drilling (HDD) Method Pipe Update

Product Number: 51323-18948-SG

Author: Joe Pikas

Publication Date: 2023

$20.00

The case history will discuss HDD methodology and challenges. With all the benefits of HDD comes the disadvantages especially from pipeline maintenance, corrosion control and integrity management. HDD can impose additional strain on the pipeline during the pull through process and can increase both installation stress and operational stress. HDD installed pipeline crossings are deep and could easily become low points for liquid hold up causing flow issues.

Individual Conference Papers

Association for Materials Protection and Performance