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Electroplating is a commonly used technique in a variety of industries for applying metallic coatings to a surface to enhance corrosion resistance, hardness and wear characteristics, for appearances, antigalling, conductivity, radiation shielding, or a variety of other deposit characteristics. Typical electroplating occurs when the part to be plated is submersed in a tank of plating solution with an anode and electrical current is applied between the two. Using this method, any part of the work piece which does not require plating must be physically masked off with a non-electrically conductive material such as tape in order to keep the plating material from adhering where it is not wanted.
Selective or brush plating is an application method for electrodeposition which can be used for coating an array of pure metals, alloys, and composite materials. The ‘brush’ in brush plating describes a porous, non-conductive, flexible material which wraps the anode to keep it separated from the part to be plated. The plating solution is applied by rubbing the anode, covered with the brush material and saturated by the plating solution, against the area to be plated. This is done in lieu of dipping the entire part in a large tank of plating solution. Brush plating has seen its most advantageous use in plating smaller areas of larger parts because the amount of masking used can be reduced, and smaller volumes of solution can be utilized compared to traditional tank plating methods. Brush plating is portable and repair plating can be performed in the field, sometimes without even disassembling equipment. Brush plating is currently used for numerous specialty applications in the fields of aerospace, oil and gas, marine environments, manufacturing, and many others.
The impact of corrosion on society is enormous. The National Association of Corrosion Engineers (NACE) estimated that the global total cost of corrosion is ~$2.5 trillion (USD), approximately 3.4% of global GDP.1 In 2016, NACE released the “International Measures of Prevention, Applications, and Economics of Corrosion Technology” which estimates that implementing corrosion prevention best General Business practices could result in global savings between 13-15 percent of the cost of damage, or a savings between $375-875 billion (USD) annually on a global basis.
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The formation of mineral scales is one of the most problematic threats to the oil and gas operations which can lead to loss of production, increased lifting costs and assets deterioration.1 Mineral scales can precipitate at any locations within an oil and gas production system and create blockage in perforations, production tubulars, pumps, and surface equipment. The formation of scale deposits can be attributed to the mixing of incompatible waters from different production zones or physical and chemical condition changes associated with produced water transporting from reservoir to wellhead and further to processing facilities.
One can find some of the most aggressive and corrosive environments for coatings in the process work and equipment functions for Oil and Gas Upstream facilities. These conditions have typically been handled using traditional coating options such as vinyl esters, epoxies, or baked phenolic linings. While these products are often tailored to environments with elevated temperatures and pressures found within upstream and “downhole” oil and gas production, the inception of new drilling techniques and the discovery of new shale basins has morphed the landscape of corrosive environments in this market.