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Failure Analysis Of 4-Inch Welded Fittings In Treated LPG Service

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Caustic stress corrosion cracking (SCC) is known to occur in carbon steels under tensile stress and exposure to caustic solutions from 115°F to boiling temperatures. Alternating wet and dry conditions tend to increase SCC susceptibility. Localized overheating of the metal, such as solar radiation, heat tracing, steam outs and excursions should also be considered. Caustic SCC was first reported in 1980 when the top of a continuous kraft digester vessel blew off in Pine Hill, Alabama. It was found that the tensile residual stresses present in non-stress relieved carbon steel weld seams and the corrosive environment (caustic) were responsible for the cracking

Product Number: 51322-17850-SG
Author: Sudhakar Mahajanam
Publication Date: 2022
Industries: Corrosion Monitoring and Control , Coatings and Linings , Coatings
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Caustic stress corrosion cracking occurs in carbon steels under tensile stress and exposure to caustic solutions. In this paper, we present metallurgical analyses performed on a pipe-to-tee weld and a tee-to-flange weld that leaked during operation. The pipe was in treated LPG service in a saturated gas plant. Wet fluorescent magnetic particle inspection indicated the presence of crack-like indications parallel to the welds on the outside and inside surfaces of the pipe, with more crack branching being observed on the inside surface. SEM fractography revealed that the fracture surface of these cracks was predominantly intergranular, which was confirmed during metallographic examination as well. Several temperature spikes above the acceptable range for caustic SCC were also reported by the client. Based on these observations, it was concluded that the cracks occurred as a result of caustic SCC and initiated on the inside surface of the welds.

Caustic stress corrosion cracking occurs in carbon steels under tensile stress and exposure to caustic solutions. In this paper, we present metallurgical analyses performed on a pipe-to-tee weld and a tee-to-flange weld that leaked during operation. The pipe was in treated LPG service in a saturated gas plant. Wet fluorescent magnetic particle inspection indicated the presence of crack-like indications parallel to the welds on the outside and inside surfaces of the pipe, with more crack branching being observed on the inside surface. SEM fractography revealed that the fracture surface of these cracks was predominantly intergranular, which was confirmed during metallographic examination as well. Several temperature spikes above the acceptable range for caustic SCC were also reported by the client. Based on these observations, it was concluded that the cracks occurred as a result of caustic SCC and initiated on the inside surface of the welds.

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Product Number: 51322-17616-SG
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External Stress Corrosion Cracking Of In-Situ Carbon Steel Pipelines

Product Number: 51322-17682-SG
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Publication Date: 2022
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There are hundreds of kilometers of above-ground carbon steel pipelines located in 32 in-situ oilsands facilities operated by 18 producers in Alberta Canada, with a total thermal oilsands capacity (operating) of 1.8 million barrels per day. A typical in-situ oilsands operation is for recovering bitumen located 75 meters or more below the surface, by the injection of steam.
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Factors In Galvanic Corrosion Between Steel And Iron Sulfides In Acidic Solutions

Product Number: 51322-17827-SG
Author: Payman Sharifi Abdar, Bruce Brown, Srdjan Nesic
Publication Date: 2022
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