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This paper outlines the aggressive service conditions experienced by wellhead casings and the resulting failures seen to date in the Alberta oil patch. Deleterious in-service conditions include; high temperatures and significant temperature fluctuations, expansion and contraction of the steel substrate, and the wet and dry oxidizing micro-environment, the influence of concrete, and a plethora of chlorides and other contaminants elevating the corrosion rate. Previous corrosion mitigation programs and current inspection techniques are reviewed.
Coatings are applied to steel elements exposed in natural waters to mitigate the deleterious effects of naturally occurring physical-, chemical-, and biodegradation processes. Degradation of steel submerged in natural waters can occur due to corrosion and marine fouling. Recent findings indicated that there are synergistic effects of surface fouling to facilitate biocorrosion.
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An important segment of the high-performance protective coatings market is weatherable, direct-to-metal coatings. Coatings that weather well and provide corrosion protection are recommended for direct-to-metal applications, due to the dual benefits of ease of application and good asset protection. However, performance can vary widely based on the coating type and substrate preparation, with performance often rated by accelerated corrosion testing.
This paper explores the process of repairing and preparing concrete substrates for application of protective sealers, coatings, or linings. It will present the road map, provided in SSPC SP 13 / NACE 6, “Surface Preparation of Concrete” to attain long term barrier protection performance. It will present the means and methods to achieve a concrete surface suitable for sealer, coating, or lining application.