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Corrosion Of Constructional Alloys in Corrodants-Containing Catalytic Hydrothermal Liquefaction Biorefining Conditions

Picture for Corrosion Of Constructional Alloys in Corrodants-Containing Catalytic Hydrothermal Liquefaction Biorefining Conditions
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In recent decades, the increasing demand of conventional fossil fuel-derived energy and products leads to excessive greenhouse gas emissions. The intensifying environmental awareness and lack of supply in fossil fuel resources has expedited research for finding sustainable, energy secured and environmental-friendly alternatives. Among all the sources, biomass such as wood chips, agricultural crops and wastes, municipal and animal wastes, and specially engineered aquatic plants are commonly considered as potential sources to replace fossil fuels or chemical feedstocks.

Product Number: 51323-18940-SG
Author: Minkang Liu, Yimin Zeng
Publication Date: 2023
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$20.00

Catalytic hydrothermal liquefaction is used to convert wet biomass, industrial waste streams and intermediate bio-products into biofuels through high temperature alkaline catalytic solution. Corrodants such as chloride and sulfide anions released, and organic acids produced during the conversion would inevitably complicate the conversion environments and thus challenge the selection of qualified constructional alloys for the main reactor. Our most recent study revealed that the presence of catalyst, inorganic corrodants and organic acid changed formation and dissolution rates of formed oxide layers on certain Fe-based steels. In this technical paper, studies were carried out on the corrosion performance and oxide layer properties of UNS N08825 through static autoclave tests and advanced microscopic characterizations. The influence of catalyst and corrodants was investigated to understand their impact on corrosion modes and extent of nickel-based constructional alloys in different HTL environments.

Catalytic hydrothermal liquefaction is used to convert wet biomass, industrial waste streams and intermediate bio-products into biofuels through high temperature alkaline catalytic solution. Corrodants such as chloride and sulfide anions released, and organic acids produced during the conversion would inevitably complicate the conversion environments and thus challenge the selection of qualified constructional alloys for the main reactor. Our most recent study revealed that the presence of catalyst, inorganic corrodants and organic acid changed formation and dissolution rates of formed oxide layers on certain Fe-based steels. In this technical paper, studies were carried out on the corrosion performance and oxide layer properties of UNS N08825 through static autoclave tests and advanced microscopic characterizations. The influence of catalyst and corrodants was investigated to understand their impact on corrosion modes and extent of nickel-based constructional alloys in different HTL environments.

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Optimizing Sour Gas Qualification Testing – Modeling the Effects of Temperature and Total Pressure on H2S Fugacity, Activity, and Solubility Coefficients

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Methods to Assess Carburization Damage and Remaining Life in Fired Heater Tubes

Product Number: 51323-18771-SG
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Publication Date: 2023
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Fired heaters in coking service are susceptible to carburization damage, which needs to be predicted and managed to prevent unexpected downtime and expedited replacement costs. Carburization damage occurs when carbonaceous material, i.e., coke, is deposited on a steel surface and exposed to high metal temperatures; such are the internal conditions present in fired heater tubes in coking services. At these high temperatures, the carbon diffuses into the steel microstructure and increases the hardness while reducing ductility. At an advanced state, this reduction in ductility may lead to tube failure if a mechanical or thermal shock is applied. The diffusion of carbon can also cause the formation of deleterious chromium carbides in the steel microstructure, reducing the high temperature corrosion resistance in those areas.
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