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Carbon steels are widely used in the oil and gas exploration and production service. These steels are prone to corrosion in CO2 and cracking in H2S. The propensity to cracking increases when high strength grades are employed. The use of corrosion resistant alloys incurs costs and only when these costs are justified can such materials be used in industrial service. If these materials can be coated by an industrial method onto carbon steel then their industrial uptake can be increased. To understand the behaviour of CRA coatings on steel several carbon steel coupons were sprayed using high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF). Carbon steel specimens with and without CRA coatings were then tested in de-aerated 1000mg/L Cl- solution for 30 days bubbled with 10MPa CO2 at 40°C. In some cases tests were also carried out in supercritical CO2 containing 0.1MPa H2S. Microstructural characterization revealed that the carbon steel formed different scales siderite in pure 10MPa CO2 and mackinawite in CO2 containing 0.1MPa H2S. CRA coatings protected the steel substrate from CO2 corrosion when undamaged and no scale was seen.It was concluded that thermally sprayed CRA coatings can provide a cost-effective corrosion mitigation method for infrastructure likely to be in contact with wet supercritical CO2at 40°C. The scales formed on the steel somewhat protected it from further corrosion in 10 MPa CO2. However it was evident that care must be taken to ensure that the thermally sprayed CRA layer does not have any through porosity or defect; else such coatings may accelerate corrosion of the underlying steel substrate due to galvanic interactions.
Experiments were carried out in a 7.5L autoclave with two combinations of CO2 partial pressure and temperature and different H2S concentrations. Corrosion behavior of specimens was evaluated using electrochemical measurements and surface analytical techniques.
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