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External corrosion on buried pipelines can result in gradual and usually localized metal loss on the exterior surface of failure coating, resulting in reduction of the wall thickness of the metallic structure. Indirect technologies, such as DC basis (i.e. DCVG, CIPS) have been able to detect and pinpoint two conditions in the pipeline, intact and holiday (active surface or coating anomaly) with good confidence. Classic DC methodologies monitor and characterize the state of the coating and effectiveness of cathodic protection by using transfer function principle (i.e. resistance). The formation of an electrochemical cell, such as buried coated pipeline with cathodic protection (steel in electrolyte) is formed at macro scale conditions [1-2]. The expected damage evolution of the coated pipeline includes the electrolyte (soil+water) uptake within the coating
The energy transportation network of the United States consists of over 2.5 million miles of buried pipelines. It is of prime importance the integrity of the metallic assets due to degradation in soil conditions because of their constant exposure to the aggressive, dynamic, and heterogeneous environment. This degradation process, involves a sequence of process starting with the coating damages/failures and the following electrochemical reactions. External corrosion can result in gradual and usually localized metal loss on the exterior surface of failure coating, resulting in reduction of the wall thickness of the metallic asset. Indirect technologies, such as DC basis have been able to detect and pinpoint two conditions in the pipeline, intact and holiday (active surface or coating anomaly) with good confidence. In this work we consider different levels of corrosion surface severity when a coating holiday (anomaly) exists. Different X52 metallic samples were characterized by using DC polarization and AC impedance to distinguish the differences in terms of capacitive and surface corrosion severity when the metallic samples get a coating failure.
This case study involves an NPS 36, 107 km long pipeline (Pipeline A) installed in 2016. The subject pipeline is collocated with an NPS 30 pipeline constructed in 1999 (Pipeline B), for the entire route, and two additional pipelines near the start of its route (Pipelines C and D), all owned by the same operator.
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Only a few researchers have studied the effect of carbon fiber repair on corrosion processes. The main protective effect is the "protective barrier" which is sometimes called passive protection against corrosion, comparable to some techniques such as anticorrosion coatings of concrete structures. Indeed, CFRP materials, applied as external reinforcing material on reinforced concrete structures form a protective barrier against the penetration of moisture and pollutants such as chlorides or carbon dioxide.1.2.3.4.5 Apart from this impermeable barrier action, it has been found in these studies that the confinement of CFRP concrete has a positive influence on the onset of corrosion and on its velocity. Very little research has investigated the coupling between mechanical reinforcement and impressed current system.6,7,8
AC interference analysis between high voltage AC (HVAC) powerlines and buried pipelines is a matter of current interest due to the growing number of right-of-ways shared between powerline and pipeline infrastructure. This is only expected to increase as the worldwide energy demand grows considerably over the next 30 years,1 and stricter environmental regulations and policies are applied. Therefore, AC interference will continue to be an issue of concern for powerline and pipeline operators to protect the public, environment, and maintain asset integrity.