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Geothermal energy is an excellent source of renewable clean power generation, as well as for heating and cooling. Unlike other renewable energy sources, it is unaffected by local climate conditions. However, the heat exchangers used in geothermal power plants are under constant threat of scale formation and corrosion due to the harsh operational conditions to which they are exposed. Therefore, surface modifications to heat exchanger materials, for example through coatings, are necessary to improving the efficiency and durability of geothermal plant.v
The wetting of solids by liquids is an important consideration for heat exchangers as it can have a dramatic impact on heat transfer efficiency. The use of superhygrophobic materials, surfaces or coatings is expected to give rise to next-generation high efficiency heat exchanger designs, and this is particularly the case for geothermal heat exchangers where heat exchanger materials interact with highly corrosive fluids.
The Brazilian cost of corrosion was estimated at 3% of the GPD in 2018, that percentage is equivalent to approximately $US 49 billion, according to an ABRACO(1) journal released in 2020.1 It is estimated that from this cost $US 19 billion could have been saved through anticorrosive actions. In another research conducted by the EPRI(2) the results showed that at least 22% of corrosion costs could be avoided through adequate mitigating actions.2
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The Brazilian cost of corrosion was estimated at 3% of the GPD in 2018, that percentage is equivalent to approximately $US 49 billion, according to an ABRACO1 journal released in 20201. It is estimated that from this cost $US 19 billion could have been saved through anticorrosive actions. In another research conducted by the EPRI2 the results showed that at least 22% of corrosion costs could be avoided through adequate mitigating actions2.
This paper will identify and document how these different factors affect the susceptibility of austenitic stainless steel to Chloride-Stress Corrosion cracking based on a review of currently available literature. A review of current industry best practices and a review of how the Oxygen content, the pH and application of stress relief affects Chloride-Stress Corrosion Cracking will be documented and presented.