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As environmentally friendly coatings, inks, and adhesive systems have evolved; additives have also evolved in chemistry, structure and effectiveness. This overview strives to present these new additive technologies in three areas: surfactants, dispersants, and defoamers. The chemical nature of these additives and subsequent performance in a variety of systems will be described.
Details of a new protocol for evaluating the effectiveness of coatings to reduce corrosion of steel structures is presented in this paper. Basic concepts of accelerated testing specified in American Society for Testing Materials (ASTM) standards and recent research investigations were used to develop a procedure that can provide conclusive results within 2400 hours of exposure as compared to more than 5000 hours in current practices.
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The combination of an anionic primer layer with a cationic topcoat consist an ion barrier provides corrosion protection without using conventional anticorrosion pigments. The primer inhibits the anodic dissolution of the metals, and the topcoat rejects the aggressive anions from the environment entering the coating-metal interface.
Extreme temperatures, rain, and freeze thaw cycles can all attack structures causing corrosion and therefore high maintenance costs. The UK DOT ensures maintenance is kept to a minimum by protecting its bridge stock using an effective waterproof coating which meets the exacting standards specified in BD47. A number of polyurethane based waterproofing systems have now met this standard. The inherent properties, ease of installation and long-term protection offered by polyurethane systems make them extremely popular amongst client authorities across the world.