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11186 Steam Oxidation Resistance of Shot Peened Austenitic Stainless Steel Superheater Tubes

Picture for 11186 Steam Oxidation Resistance of Shot Peened Austenitic Stainless Steel Superheater Tubes
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Product Number: 51300-11186-SG
ISBN: 11186 2011 CP
Author: Brett M. Tossey, Hassan Khan, and Tom Andress
Publication Date: 2011
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$20.00
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Steam-side oxidation and the resultant exfoliation of iron-based scales cause unplanned shutdowns at coal-fired power generation facilities. Exfoliation mitigation is currently limited to frequent unit cycling to minimize the volume of exfoliated scale and upgrading a plant with a “blow down” system. This paper discusses the rate of steam-side oxidation on Type 304H stainless steel (304H) tube after shot peening the internal surface with commercially available techniques.

Shot peening the ID of Type 304H austenitic stainless steel superheater tubes has been shown to improve the overall oxidation resistance in steam. Decreasing the oxidation rate directly impacts the exfoliation rate. The adherent spinel scales are thinner and more robust than non-shot peened tubes of the same alloy. Most of the improved oxidation resistance can be attributed to the presence of a spinel oxide layer combined with a continuous chromia layer formed near the steam-touched surfaces. The presence of a continuous chromia layer greatly reduces the outward diffusion of iron and minimizes the formation of iron-based scales that exfoliate.

This work showed that a uniform cold-worker layer along the tube ID has a profound effect on oxidation resistance. Incomplete coverage allows oxidation to proceed in the non-hardened regions at a rate comparable to the oxidation rate on unpeened Type 304H.

Keywords: Shot peening, shot blasted, steam, oxidation resistance, Type 304H, austenitic, exfoliation, superheater, SA213
Steam-side oxidation and the resultant exfoliation of iron-based scales cause unplanned shutdowns at coal-fired power generation facilities. Exfoliation mitigation is currently limited to frequent unit cycling to minimize the volume of exfoliated scale and upgrading a plant with a “blow down” system. This paper discusses the rate of steam-side oxidation on Type 304H stainless steel (304H) tube after shot peening the internal surface with commercially available techniques.

Shot peening the ID of Type 304H austenitic stainless steel superheater tubes has been shown to improve the overall oxidation resistance in steam. Decreasing the oxidation rate directly impacts the exfoliation rate. The adherent spinel scales are thinner and more robust than non-shot peened tubes of the same alloy. Most of the improved oxidation resistance can be attributed to the presence of a spinel oxide layer combined with a continuous chromia layer formed near the steam-touched surfaces. The presence of a continuous chromia layer greatly reduces the outward diffusion of iron and minimizes the formation of iron-based scales that exfoliate.

This work showed that a uniform cold-worker layer along the tube ID has a profound effect on oxidation resistance. Incomplete coverage allows oxidation to proceed in the non-hardened regions at a rate comparable to the oxidation rate on unpeened Type 304H.

Keywords: Shot peening, shot blasted, steam, oxidation resistance, Type 304H, austenitic, exfoliation, superheater, SA213
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